Systems and methods for operating an electric motor of a two-wheeled vehicle. One method includes detecting a position of a drive torque control included in the vehicle, detecting a position of a regenerative brake control included in the vehicle, mapping the detected position of the drive torque control to a requested driving torque, mapping the position of the regenerative brake control to a requested braking torque, determining, with an electronic control unit, a torque command based on the requested driving torque and the requested torque, and transmitting the torque command to an electric motor included in the vehicle.

Systems and methods for operating an electric motor of a two-wheeled vehicle. One method includes detecting a position of a drive torque control included in the vehicle, detecting a position of a regenerative brake control included in the vehicle, mapping the detected position of the drive torque control to a requested driving torque, mapping the position of the regenerative brake control to a requested braking torque, determining, with an electronic control unit, a torque command based on the requested driving torque and the requested torque, and transmitting the torque command to an electric motor included in the vehicle.

A controller and a control method of a brake system for a motorcycle are obtained, the controller and the control method capable of improving behavior stability of a motorcycle at a time when a road surface is a steep upward slope. The invention also obtains a brake system for a motorcycle that includes such a controller. In the controller and the control method of the brake system for a motorcycle and in the brake system for a motorcycle according to the invention, in the cases where it is determined that a user's operation of a first brake operation section 11 is present and it is determined that the motorcycle 100 is in a slip-down state where the motorcycle travels backward while a front wheel 3 is braked when the road surface is the upward slope, an emergency braking action that causes a rear-wheel brake mechanism 14 to generate a braking force that brakes a rear wheel 4 is executed.

A controller and a control method of a brake system for a motorcycle are obtained, the controller and the control method capable of improving behavior stability of a motorcycle at a time when a road surface is a steep upward slope. The invention also obtains a brake system for a motorcycle that includes such a controller. In the controller and the control method of the brake system for a motorcycle and in the brake system for a motorcycle according to the invention, in the cases where it is determined that a user's operation of a first brake operation section 11 is present and it is determined that the motorcycle 100 is in a slip-down state where the motorcycle travels backward while a front wheel 3 is braked when the road surface is the upward slope, an emergency braking action that causes a rear-wheel brake mechanism 14 to generate a braking force that brakes a rear wheel 4 is executed.

A brake pedal structure for a saddled vehicle is configured to include a master cylinder supplying hydraulic pressure to a brake caliper of the saddled vehicle and a brake pedal connected to the master cylinder through a connection mechanism. The connection mechanism includes a holder, an arm, and a connection pin. The holder presses the master cylinder, the arm is fixed to the brake pedal, and the connection pin pivotally supports the holder and the arm so as to be swingable against each other. The connection pin includes a small diameter shaft, a large diameter shaft, and an arm support shaft. The small diameter shaft and the large diameter shaft are pivotally supported by the holder and have a circular cross section. The arm support shaft is pivotally supported by the arm and has a circular cross section. The arm support shaft is eccentric with respect to the small diameter shaft and the large diameter shaft.

A brake pedal structure for a saddled vehicle is configured to include a master cylinder supplying hydraulic pressure to a brake caliper of the saddled vehicle and a brake pedal connected to the master cylinder through a connection mechanism. The connection mechanism includes a holder, an arm, and a connection pin. The holder presses the master cylinder, the arm is fixed to the brake pedal, and the connection pin pivotally supports the holder and the arm so as to be swingable against each other. The connection pin includes a small diameter shaft, a large diameter shaft, and an arm support shaft. The small diameter shaft and the large diameter shaft are pivotally supported by the holder and have a circular cross section. The arm support shaft is pivotally supported by the arm and has a circular cross section. The arm support shaft is eccentric with respect to the small diameter shaft and the large diameter shaft.

A foot brake structure for a mobility device includes: a footboard having an upper surface extending in a plane direction and having a rear wheel at a rear thereof; and a friction plate positioned above the rear wheel, having a portion extending forward of the rear wheel and rotatably assembled to a rear end of the footboard by a rotating shaft, and having a lower surface brought into contact with or spaced apart from a surface of the rear wheel depending on whether or not the friction plate is rotated around the rotating shaft, wherein when the friction plate is rotated around the rotating shaft by an external force, the lower surface of the friction plate is brought into contact with the surface of the rear wheel, thereby applying a braking force to the rear wheel.

A foot brake structure for a mobility device includes: a footboard having an upper surface extending in a plane direction and having a rear wheel at a rear thereof; and a friction plate positioned above the rear wheel, having a portion extending forward of the rear wheel and rotatably assembled to a rear end of the footboard by a rotating shaft, and having a lower surface brought into contact with or spaced apart from a surface of the rear wheel depending on whether or not the friction plate is rotated around the rotating shaft, wherein when the friction plate is rotated around the rotating shaft by an external force, the lower surface of the friction plate is brought into contact with the surface of the rear wheel, thereby applying a braking force to the rear wheel.

A straddle-type vehicle includes a drive unit used for driving a rear wheel of the straddle-type vehicle, wherein a discharge port that discharges oil in the drive unit is installed on a lower section of the drive unit, and a guide that guides oil to an outside in a vehicle width direction is installed in a vicinity of a lower section of the discharge port.

A straddle-type vehicle includes a drive unit used for driving a rear wheel of the straddle-type vehicle, wherein a discharge port that discharges oil in the drive unit is installed on a lower section of the drive unit, and a guide that guides oil to an outside in a vehicle width direction is installed in a vicinity of a lower section of the discharge port.