A rail-based modular aircraft system may include a rail extending from a first end to a second end. The rail-based modular aircraft system may include a constant cross-sectional shape from the first end to the second end. The rail may also include a wing module configured to interface with the rail such that the wing module is individually movable along at least a portion of the rail and configured to be fixable at a fixed point along the rail. The rail-based modular aircraft system may also include a propulsion module configured to interface with the rail such that the propulsion module is individually movable along at least a portion of the rail and configured to be fixable at a fixed point along the rail. The propulsion module may be configured to provide forward motion to the modular aircraft system.

Various embodiments of the present disclosure provide a rotorcraft-assisted system and method for launching and retrieving a fixed-wing aircraft into and from free flight. The launch and retrieval system includes a modular multicopter, a storage and launch system, an anchor system, a flexible capture member, and an aircraft-landing structure. The multicopter is attachable to the fixed-wing aircraft to facilitate launching the fixed-wing aircraft into free, wing-borne flight. The storage and launch system is usable to store the multicopter (when disassembled) and to act as a launch mount for the fixed-wing aircraft by retaining the fixed-wing aircraft in a desired launch orientation. The anchor system is usable with the multicopter, the flexible capture member, and the aircraft-landing structure to retrieve the fixed-wing aircraft from free, wing-borne flight.

Described herein are apparatuses that provided various features related to unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). An example apparatus may include, among other features, (i) a launch system for a UAV, (ii) a landing feature that is arranged on the apparatus so as to receive the UAV when the UAV returns from a flight, and (iii) a mechanical battery-replacement system that is configured to (a) remove a first battery from the UAV, and (b) after removal of the first battery, install a second battery in the UAV.

A base module may be used to receive and house one or more unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) via one or more cavities. The base module receives commands from a manager device and identifies a flight plan that allows a UAV to execute the received commands. The base module transfers the flight plan to the UAV and frees the UAV. Once the UAV returns, the base module once again receives it. The base module then receives sensor data from the UAV from one or more sensors onboard the UAV, and optionally receives additional information describing its flight and identifying success or failure of the flight plan. The base module transmits the sensor data and optionally the additional information to a storage medium locally or remotely accessible by the manager device.

A take-off apparatus and method for unmanned aerial vehicle without landing gear includes an unmanned aerial vehicle, a carrier, a lock/release mechanism, a lift or airspeed sensing module, a signal processing module and a release motion sensing module. The lock/release mechanism locks the unmanned aerial vehicle onto the carrier and controllably releases the unmanned aerial vehicle from the carrier. The lift or airspeed sensing module senses an overall lift or airspeed of the unmanned aerial vehicle. When the lift or speed value of the unmanned aerial vehicle is greater than a predetermined threshold, it drives the lock/release mechanism into an unlocked state so that the unmanned aerial vehicle is released from the carrier and takes off more accurately and successfully.

Equipment and methods that combine the use of wave powered vehicles and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs or drones). A UAV can be launched from a wave-powered vehicle, observe another vessel, and report the results of its observation to the wave-powered vehicle, and the wave-powered vehicle can report the results of the observation to a remote location. The UAV can land on water and can then be recovered by the wave-powered vehicle.

The invention relates to a launching cylinder of a catapult and to a catapult. The launching cylinder comprises a frame inside which are a pneumatic pressure space for launching purpose and a hydraulic pressure space for returning purpose. The pressure spaces are separated from each other by means of a piston assembly.

A network of automated launch and recovery platforms (LRPs) for at least one aircraft-type aerial vehicle (UAV) which automatically perform cyclic tasks of preparation, launch, and recovery without manual operation is provided. Each LRP includes a stationary foundation in an X-Z plane, a rotatable foundation that can rotate around a Y axis of the stationary foundation, and a rotatable leverage that rotates around the Z axis at a shaft driven by a motor. A first leverage of the UAV is hooked to the rotatable leverage of the LRP such that rotation of the shaft by the motor drives the rotatable leverage and the UAV for take-off and reduces UAV to stop during recovery. The network includes a traffic control subsystem and a launch and recovery subsystem which provides initial UAV speed necessary for launch, and ensures dissipation of kinetic energy of a captured UAV during recovery.

The invention relates to a method for landing a tethered aircraft (90), comprising the steps of approaching a ground site with said aircraft, thereby shortening free length of tether (92) between the aircraft and the ground site until said free length of tether reaches a predetermined value, further approaching the ground site with said aircraft, thereby keeping free length of tether fixed at said predetermined value, retaining the tether to form a loop, wherein the loop is tensed and tightened by the moving aircraft, and damping said tightening of said loop in order to decelerate the aircraft until it stands at the ground site. The invention further relates to a launch and land system (1) for a tethered aircraft comprising a runway (12) for the aircraft, a winch (62) for the tether, and a retention system (42,46) for forming a loop of the tether between the winch and the aircraft approaching the runway, wherein said retention system features a damping device (41) for damping a tightening of said loop caused due to movement of the aircraft upon approach and landing in order to decelerate said aircraft.

A winged external guidance frame placed on the muzzle that can couple with a projectile while exiting the barrel utilizing the kinetic energy of the projectile to travel to the target while the accuracy is provided by on board electronics and corrected using the wings. Alternately a reusable unmanned aerial system that travels in the speed and direction of the projectile and couples with the projectile as it exits the barrel.