A short path evaporator including a heatable double-walled evaporator pipe having an inner interspace, with a rotatable rotor system disposed within the evaporator pipe and with a condenser disposed centrally in the evaporator pipe, and with an inlet for a product leading into the evaporator pipe, an outlet for a concentrate of the product leading out of the evaporator pipe, and an outlet for distillate accumulating at the condenser, and an inlet and an outlet for supplying and discharging heating medium to or from the interspace of the evaporator pipe, wherein the evaporator pipe is formed by an outer pipe and an inner pipe which, leaving the interspace, is disposed within the outer pipe, which are fixed at their ends in a sealing manner between two flange plates clamped together, wherein an inlet channel for the inlet of the product and an outlet channel for the outlet of the concentrate, which communicate with the interior of the inner pipe, are formed in the flange plates, as well as inlet and outlet channels for supplying and discharging the heating medium, which communicate with the interspace.

Selective scaling in water treatment systems in which desalination is performed is generally described. According to certain embodiments, the location of the formation of solid scale within a water treatment system is controlled by adjusting one or more system parameters, such as the temperature and/or flow velocity of a saline stream within the water treatment system.

A process and apparatus for removing moisture from sludge. The process and apparatus comprise: conveying on a conveyor the sludge on an incline through a housing such that, as the sludge is conveyed, it is deposited onto an exposed portion of the housing; heating the sludge with a heater as it is conveyed on the incline to evaporate moisture in the sludge, whereby the sludge that it is deposited onto the exposed portion of the housing is also heated to thereby evaporate moisture from the sludge; extracting from the housing using a vacuum device an airflow comprising the evaporated moisture, whereby the airflow includes moisture that has been evaporated as a result of the sludge being deposited onto the exposed heated portion of the housing; and discharging from the housing, separately to the extracting of the airflow from the housing, the sludge from which the moisture has been removed.

A wastewater treatment system includes a circulating fluidized bed evaporator defining a longitudinal axis vertical with respect to gravity. The evaporator has a wastewater inlet to provide wastewater to the circulating fluidized bed evaporator. A heat inlet is axially below the wastewater inlet to provide heat to the circulating fluidized bed evaporator for evaporating the wastewater. An outlet is axially above the wastewater inlet and the heat inlet.

A process for removing volatile diluent(s) from processed solids, generated from unstabilized drilling waste being washed in a diluent/solvent wash process. The process describes the use of hot water to deliver quality heat energy to the processed solids phase, evaporating the diluent and at least partially removing chlorides or other soluble or insoluble contaminants in the process, resulting in enhanced efficiency of diluent and contaminant recovery, for example, as a result of the near infinite surface area of water, among other things.

Embodiments of the present invention are directed to a cryo-thermal desalinator, which addresses thermal desalination inefficiency by introducing intrinsic cooling potentials of strategically-piped liquidized gasses to save fuel and increase potable water output. Liquid natural gas fuel flows through internally routed, uninsulated and dedicated piping to natural gas brine burners located outside and under a vessel. The liquid natural gas fuel contributes to condensation and converts to eventual pre-warmed natural gas at the brine burners. Liquid gas flows through an internally routed, closed-loop piping to continually provide condensation, while a liquid gas compressor of the closed-loop exhausts waste heat to assist brine conversion. Saline water piping inside the vessel implements cooling via an optional alternative cooling heat exchanger, accepting portable liquid nitrogen, liquid CO.sub.2 dry ice, or both. The cryo-thermal desalinator's multi-cooling liquid gas systems accommodate multi-thermal inputs, assisting with unfired production of thermal desalination water vapor in real time.

The invention is a high-salt waste water air powered low temperature evaporating device and method of use. A tray is mounted on a lifting platform; an air inlet and a water inlet are on the tray. Air distributing pipes are arranged at the center of the nested column tubes (33). A groove (4) is installed at the top of the tray, and mounting points are accompanied by multiple nested column tubes (33). The nested column tubes (33) are connected with the air inlet. An atomizer is arranged inside the air distributing pipes; and the atomizer is connected with the water distributing pipes. Using air power evaporates concentrated waste water multiple times so that the salt in the wastewater reaches saturated concentration, and therefore, the wastewater temperature is reduced, salt is crystallized and separated out, liquid is continuously evaporated, and the wastewater can be completely treated.

Systems and processes for treating, reducing and/or disposing of leachate created by a landfill system by aerating, spraying and/or stripping leachate in a controlled environment to promote evaporation of a water component of the leachate, to strip a portion of ammonia from the leachate and/or to promote biological decomposition of the leachate. The reduced or concentrated leachate produced by the system or process, whether liquid, solid or slurry, can be disposed of as allowed or desired at a cost benefitted by the reduced volume and/or treated condition of the leachate.

A method for removing carbon dioxide from a carrier liquid using a heat exchanger. A carrier liquid, containing carbon dioxide, is heated through the heat exchanger, causing the carbon dioxide to vaporize. The carrier liquid and the carbon dioxide gas pass to a liquid removal vessel. The carrier liquid is removed and the carbon dioxide gas is compressed. The compressed carbon dioxide gas is provided to the heat exchanger, cooling the carbon dioxide gas opposite the carrier liquid, producing a carbon dioxide liquid.

An apparatus and process for removing moisture from sludge. The apparatus comprises a housing having an inlet and outlet for respective receipt and discharge of the sludge. A conveyor is located in the housing and is configured to transport the sludge from the inlet to the outlet. The apparatus further comprises a heater to heat the sludge to remove moisture therefrom whilst the sludge is being transported by the conveyor. The apparatus also comprises a vacuum pump arranged to extract air from the apparatus and, at the same time, to cause moisture removed from the sludge to flow therefrom together with the extracted air.