A rotary evaporator for the vacuum distillation of a liquid is disclosed. The rotary evaporator contains an evaporator flask and a vapor feeder with an interior volume connected downstream of the evaporator flask. The rotary evaporator further contains a rotor that has a mechanical foam breaker within the interior volume of the vapor feeder. Further, a cooler is connected downstream of the vapor feeder.

The present invention provides: a method for producing a fluorinated alkane represented by the formula (2): R.sup.2F, wherein an alcohol having 3 to 5 carbon atoms is fluorinated by a fluorinating agent represented by the formula (1): R.sup.1SO.sub.2F in the absence of a solvent, and in the presence of a base selected from the group consisting of an amidine base and a phosphazene base; a method for separating and recovering an amidine base from an amidine base-sulfonate complex represented by the following formula (5); and a method for using a recovered amidine base. In the formula, R.sup.1 represents a methyl group, an ethyl group or an aromatic group, R.sup.2 represents an alkyl group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms, and n is 0 or 2.

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A rotary evaporator for evaporating a substance contained in an initial substance comprises an evaporation flask (2) for receiving the initial substance, a device (3) for heating the substance, a condenser (4) for condensing the vaporized substance, a collection container (6) for receiving the re-liquefied substance and at least one device (5) for generating a low pressure and/or an excess pressure. In order to remove the re-liquefied substance an excess pressure can be generated at least within the collection container (6) and/or in order to remove residues of the initial substance an excess pressure can be generated at least within the evaporation flask (2).

Embodiments presented provide for a multirotational counter rotating reactor. The reactor is configured to accept a fluid stream and separate the fluid stream into high quality liquid and gaseous phases through spinning of the sets of discs as well as through performing a heat transfer to the fluid stream.

A production apparatus of sucrose-6-ester is disclosed and includes a distillation separation tank, a reaction tank, and a condensated water collection tank, where the distillation separation tank is arranged above the reaction tank and the condensated water collection tank, and includes a shell and a heating-roller distillation device including a plurality of heating rollers arranged from top to bottom between front and rear side walls of the shell; two ends of the U-shaped plate are respectively fixed to bottoms of the front and rear side walls; a feed pipe is provided at a top of the shell, the condensated water outlet pipe is arranged at a bottom surface of the shell and is connected to the condensated water collection tank, and the liquid evaporation residue discharge pipe penetrates through the bottom surface of the shell, is connected to the U-shaped plate, and is connected to the reaction tank.

Systems and methods provide distillation systems and associated distillation methods. A distillation system can include a distillation chamber for distilling a biomass. A heat source can be applied to the distillation chamber to heat the biomass. A source of vacuum can be applied to the distillation chamber to remove a solvent from the distillation chamber. A magnetically driven spinner apparatus can be positioned within the distillation chamber and including at least a first paddle for generating a splash agitation of the biomass in the distillation chamber, wherein the magnetically driven spinner apparatus does not extend through any wall of the distillation chamber. A drive assembly can include a motor to cause rotational movement of the magnetically driven spinner apparatus within the distillation chamber.

A method for preparing high-purity gardenia yellow pigment includes: taking gardenia fruit, performing degreasing and impurity removal treatment on gardenia dry powder, and preparing a crude extract of gardenia dry powder by supercritical fluid extraction combined with a pre-formulated pigment carrier. A pigment adsorption resin is then prepared, followed by wet column packing of the pigment adsorption resin. The crude pigment extract is loaded onto the column for adsorption, and the pigment is eluted using a 45% ethanol solution, separating the yellow pigment solution and impurity solution. By employing the degreasing and impurity removal treatment of gardenia dry powder, and using the pigment adsorption resin to purify the crude pigment extract, the invention achieves a high-purity and high-color-value gardenia yellow pigment, while also enabling the separation of gardenia glycoside and chlorogenic acid from the gardenia yellow pigment.

A method for increasing functional and organoleptic properties of compositions having elements of biological origin more particularly herbal formulations is disclosed. Nutraceutical formulations for diabetes management and fortification of pulses and grains to lower oil absorption during frying are also disclosed. These foods are effective for weight management.

Disclosed is a method for producing biocrude and bioactive substances from microalgae biomass. The method has the steps of mixing and stirring dry microalgae biomass with water and an acid catalyst, heating the mixture at high pressure at a temperature and time based on each individual species or processing the biomass mixture in a colloidal mill with solvent, separating lysed algae cells into non-polar extracts from water-soluble extracts via vacuum filtration, washing the lysed algae cells and non-polar extracts with organic solvents, separating the organic solvent mixture, which has ethanol and long-chain fatty acids, from the remaining biochar via vacuum filtration, and separating the ethanol from the fatty acids via distillation or rotary evaporator to extract bio-oil.