Disclosed is a process to produce a purified vapor comprising dialkyl-furan-2,5-dicarboxylate (DAFD). Furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid (FDCA) and an alcohol in an esterification zone to generate a crude diester stream containing dialkyl furan dicarboxylate (DAFD), unreacted alcohol, 5-(alkoxycarbonyl) furan-2-carboxylic acid (ACFC), and alkyl furan-2-carboxylate (AFC). The esterification zone comprises at least one reactor that has been previously used in an DMT process.

An apparatus and method for extraction of oils from botanical material using high-pressure hydrocarbons such as propane, or butane, or mixtures thereof are described. A high-pressure propane or butane saturated liquid/vapor mixture formed by pressure reduction through a valve placed before an extraction column, thereby serving as an expansion port was employed. The apparatus is capable of both continuous liquid extraction or batch-style liquid operation through the use of a manifold valve, which directs the solvent liquid/vapor in the system to either a supply tank or an extraction column.

A method for cooling a fluid from an electrolysis unit and extracting water from ambient air comprising: conducting moist air having a first molar amount of water and raw water into an evaporator unit in a counterflow at a temperature at or below the boiling temperature of the water; evaporating pure water from the raw water into the moist air and cooling the raw water; conducting the cooled raw water into a heat exchanger thereby cooling the fluid stream of the electrolysis unit; conducting the moist air and the pure water into a water extraction unit; separating a second molar amount of the pure water off from the moist air in the water extraction unit, wherein a third molar amount of water remaining in the air is less than the first; conducting the preheated raw water back to the evaporator; and conducting the cooled fluid back into the electrolysis unit.

A cooling tower is provided having a heat exchange section, and a fan for moving air through the heat exchange section. A water distribution assembly provides water onto and through the heat exchange section. An air inlet section is provided through which air is drawn into the cooling tower and the heat exchange section. The air inlet section has outside edges and corners. A wall assembly is provided in the air inlet section, with the wall assembly extending from the corners of the air inlet section inwardly. The water passing through the heat exchange section enters the air inlet section, and exits to a sump beneath the air inlet section. The air inlet section is comprised of a structure having outside edges and corners, and the wall assembly is comprised of a plurality of wall panel sections. Each wall panel section has an outer edge at a corner of the air inlet section, and each wall panel section extends inwardly from the corner of the air inlet section.

A semi-continuous deodorizer providing a first main vessel, and a second vessel, wherein the second vessel is connected to the first main vessel by a duct for the transport of gases and vapors, the second vessel being connected to a vacuum system, wherein both the first main vessel and the second vessel are made of stainless steel and built hermetically.

A method of preparing butadiene and a device for preparing the same. The method includes passing reaction raw materials containing butene, oxygen, steam, and a diluent gas through an oxidative dehydrogenation reactor, and oxidative dehydrogenation is performed therein to produce a reaction product separating water from the reaction product condensing hydrocarbons to produce a crude hydrocarbon mixture; and separating butadiene from the crude hydrocarbon mixture, where a gas containing n-butane remaining after the butadiene is separated is fed into the oxidative dehydrogenation reactor, and butane is used as a diluent gas. Because butane is used as a diluent gas, a C4 mixture and gas products may be easily separated through cooling and condensation processes. Thus, the method may increase productivity while reducing energy consumption and raw material costs, thereby improving economic efficiency.

A system is described that includes a pyrolyzer and a primary condenser. The primary condenser is coupled to the pyrolyzer and configured to receive pyrolytic vapors from the pyrolyzer. The primary condenser is further configured to condense the pyrolytic vapors by contacting the pyrolytic vapors with a condensing liquid, to form a bio-oil component mixture having multiple separated phases. At least a portion of the condensing liquid includes a component that is extracted as a separated stable phase from a second bio-oil component mixture resulting from a prior pyrolysis cycle.

A device for bubbling a gas into a liquid is disclosed. The device comprises a first bubbling apparatus nested inside a second bubbling apparatus. The first bubbling apparatus comprises a gas inlet for receiving the gas and a plurality of first openings for releasing the gas. The second bubbling apparatus at least partially encloses the plurality of first openings of the first bubbling apparatus. The second bubbling apparatus receives the gas from the plurality of first openings. The second bubbling apparatus comprises a plurality of second openings for bubbling the gas into the liquid.

Disclosed is a process to produce a purified vapor comprising dialkyl-furan-2,5-dicarboxylate (DAFD). Furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid (FDCA) and an alcohol in an esterification zone to generate a crude diester stream containing dialkyl furan dicarboxylate (DAFD), unreacted alcohol, 5-(alkoxycarbonyl)furan-2-carboxylic acid (ACFC), and alkyl furan-2-carboxylate (AFC). The esterification zone comprises at least one reactor that has been previously used in an DMT process.

A scrubber for cleaning of a gas comprises a casing enclosing a scrubbing chamber. The casing comprises a gas inlet into and a gas outlet out from the scrubbing chamber. A gas flow of the gas flows through the scrubbing chamber in a flow direction from the gas inlet to the gas outlet. A deflector device is provided in the scrubbing chamber between the gas inlet and the gas outlet and forms a passage between the deflector device and the casing. A spraying nozzle is arranged between the gas outlet and the deflector device for spraying a scrubbing liquid into the scrubbing chamber and the gas flow. An inner shield extends between the casing and the deflector device, surrounds the deflector device at least partly, and forms a gap with the casing. Scrubbing liquid may flow through the gap.