Method and apparatus for temperature controlled processes in a vessel to provide improved process control, in particular to enable controlled temperatures to be applied to a substance in different process zones of a vessel, has a series of tubular members arranged and operatively connected in a flow system, and each process zone has temperature regulating means juxtaposed thereto for effecting temperature control therein.

Method and apparatus for temperature controlled processes in a vessel to provide improved process control, in particular to enable controlled temperatures to be applied to a substance in different process zones of a vessel, has a series of tubular members arranged and operatively connected in a flow system, and each process zone has temperature regulating means juxtaposed thereto for effecting temperature control therein.

A method increase of the Resolution Index (Rl) of a chromatogram generated from a polymer sample comprising at least two olefin-based polymers of different microstructures and/or at least two olefin-based polymer fractions of different microstructures. The method comprises separating the mixture on a low-porosity stationary phase and repeatedly cycling the sample-stationary phase through a series of cooling and heating stages with active eluent flow only during the cooling stages and during the last heating stage to elute the separated analytes off the column.

The present invention relates to a method for fractionating a crude mixture comprising at least one oil and at least one wax, which comprises the following method steps: (a) carrying out a pre-fractionation stage as a layer crystallization (i) with a crude mixture comprising at least one oil and at least one wax or (ii) with a crude solvent mixture obtained by adding prior to the pre-fractionation stage at most 100% by weight of solvent relative to the weight of the crude mixture, to prepare a first fraction containing low waxy oil and a second fraction containing low oily wax, (b) carrying out a first crystallization stage including (b1) a first suspension crystallization sub-stage with the first fraction containing low waxy oil to prepare a third fraction containing dewaxed oil and a fourth fraction and (b2) after the first suspension crystallization sub-stage, a second suspension crystallization sub-stage with a mixture of the fourth fraction obtained in method step (b1) and the second fraction containing low oily wax obtained in the pre-fractionation stage of method step (a) to prepare a fifth fraction containing slack wax and a sixth fraction.

A method for purifying methacrylic acid, including mixing raw material methacrylic acid and methanol; precipitating a crystal of methacrylic acid from the mixed solution; and separating the crystal and mother liquor, wherein the raw material methacrylic acid and methanol are mixed so that a concentration of methanol in the mixed liquid is 3.0 to 3.75% by mass, and the crystal of methacrylic acid is precipitated from the mixed solution in a cooling crystallization vessel.

A modular sub-unit for the production of crystals in a suspension crystallization system includes: a first crystallization segment, at least one further crystallization segment, a first mixing segment, optional further mixing segments, an inlet cap, an outlet cap. The inlet cap and outlet cap are in fluid communication with any crystallization segments and any mixing segments present within the sub-unit. The sub-unit further includes a central rotating axis for providing mechanical energy to the crystallization segments and preferably the mixing segments. The crystallization segments present in the sub-unit are separated from each other by a mixing segment. Also described are a suspension crystallization system which includes the sub-unit and a suspension crystallization process making use of the sub-unit.

A dynamic process for purifying dicyclopentadiene from a mixed liquid hydrocarbon stream comprising dicyclopentadiene and one or more of a C.sub.5 paraffin, a C.sub.5 olefin, co-dimers, cyclopentadiene, benzene, vinyl norbornene, bicyclononadiene, propenyl norbornene, isopropenyl norbornene, methylbicyclononadiene, methyldicyclopentadiene, and various minor organic impurities is introduced, wherein the dicyclopentadiene is separated from the mixed liquid hydrocarbon stream by melt crystallizing sweating and collecting dicyclopentadiene.

A system for extracting liquid is provided. The system includes a vacuum source and a nozzle having a wettable plunger and a vacuum tube connected in flow communication with the vacuum source. When the plunger is partly submerged in the liquid and the vacuum source is actuated to initiate a flow of gas through the vacuum tube, droplets of the liquid separate from at least a portion of the unsubmerged part of the plunger and become suspended in the gas flow. The system also includes a cooling structure positioned adjacent to the vacuum tube to facilitate solidifying the droplets suspended in the gas flowing through the vacuum tube.

The invention relates to a processing device in the form of a crystallizer or reactor comprising a tube, at the opposite end regions of which an inlet and an outlet are provided for a crystallization or reaction medium. A helixical web is provided which runs about a longitudinal axis of the tube and which rests against the inner face of the tube casing, and the web is mounted so as to be rotatable about the aforementioned longitudinal axis of the tube. The device also has a drive for rotating the web.

Disclosed is a method for purification and separation of cannabinoids, specifically cannabidiol and tetrahydrocannabinol, from the dried hemp and cannabis leaves using a combination of a sequence of purification steps including: filtration, decolorization, activation or decarboxylation, dewaxing, a continuous simulated moving bed process, polishing, and crystallization to separate cannabinoids from tetrahydrocannabinol and to provide phytocannabinoid rich oil and cannabidiol isolate. The cannabinoid products can be used in various pharmaceutical and nutraceutical applications.