An air treatment system includes a cyclone filter and an electrostatic filtration system. The cyclone filter may include a cyclone chamber, a cyclone chamber inlet configured to receive air including suspended particulates, and a cyclone chamber outlet configured to output treated air toward a respiratory interface, e.g., a mask or face shield. The cyclone filter produces a rotational airflow that removes at least some particulates from the air in the cyclone filter. The electrostatic filtration system is configured to charge the particulates in the cyclone chamber with a first polarity to produce an electrostatic attraction of the particulates to a particulate removal system charged with an opposite second polarity, to remove additional particulates from the cyclone filter. The air treatment system may also include an ultraviolet purification system to deliver ultraviolet radiation (e.g., UVC radiation) to kill, destroy or otherwise affect organic particulates in the air being treated.

A method for ship ballasting includes receiving, at a carbon negative energy storage system, input comprising calcium oxide and water and reacting, within a reaction chamber of the carbon negative energy storage system, the calcium oxide and water to release energy and generate calcium hydroxide. The method includes directing, by the carbon negative energy storage system, the released energy to a requesting end user and providing, by the carbon negative energy storage system, the calcium hydroxide to a marine vessel ballasting system. The method includes releasing a mixture of the calcium hydroxide and ballast water from the marine vessel ballasting system into the ocean to sequester atmospheric CO.sub.2.

Methods related generally to the removal of atmospheric pollutants from the gas phase, are provided. The methods involve contacting a first stream comprising NO and/or NO.sub.2 with a second stream comprising (ClO.sub.2).sup.0 to provide a third stream comprising NO and NO.sub.2 at a molar ratio of about 1:1; and contacting the third stream with a fourth stream comprising an aqueous metal hydroxide (MOH) solution to convert NO and NO.sub.2 to MNO.sub.2.

Methods and apparatus to thermally destruct volatile organic compounds are disclosed. An example thermal oxidizer for a furnace includes: an oxidation chamber comprising an inlet configured to receive exhaust gases from a furnace and an outlet configured to output resultant gases; and a plurality of heating elements within the oxidation chamber configured to heat the exhaust gases to oxidize one or more components of the exhaust gases between the inlet and the outlet to result in the resultant gases, the plurality of heating elements comprising resistive heating elements forming coils having respective axes, the plurality of heating elements being oriented within the oxidation chamber such that the axes of the coils are transverse to an exhaust gas flow direction from the inlet to the outlet of the oxidation chamber.

The present invention relates to an air purifier (1) comprising a body (2) having an air inlet (I) through which the air in the environment is sucked and a clean air outlet (O) through which the cleaned air is released to the environment, a first CO.sub.2 sensor (10) which is disposed at the air inlet (I) and a second CO.sub.2 sensor (11) which is disposed at the clean air outlet (O), a CO.sub.2 adsorption unit (3) which chemically adsorbs the carbon dioxide in the air by supplying a basic solution, a pump (4) which delivers the ambient air to the CO.sub.2 adsorption unit (3) through the air inlet (I), abase tank (8) which supplies the basic solution to the CO.sub.2 adsorption unit (3), an acid tank (7) wherein the air of which the carbon dioxide is adsorbed is treated with an acidic solution, and an electrodialysis unit (5) which separates the salt components formed after the ambient air is treated with the basic solution and the acidic solution into acid and base.

An exhaust purification system of an internal combustion engine is provided with an electrochemical reactor provided in an exhaust passage of the internal combustion engine, and a voltage control device controlling a voltage supplied to the electrochemical reactor. The electrochemical reactor is provided with an ion conducting solid electrolyte layer and an anode layer and cathode layer placed on the surface of the solid electrolyte layer. The voltage control device is configured to perform short-circuit detection control detecting short-circuiting between the anode layer and the cathode layer, and energizing control applying current between the anode layer and the cathode layer so to energize the short-circuited part when short-circuiting is detected.

A continuous desulfurization process and process system are described for removal of reduced sulfur species at gas stream concentrations in a range of from about 5 to about 5000 ppmv, using fixed beds containing regenerable sorbents, and for regeneration of such regenerable sorbents. The desulfurization removes the reduced sulfur species of hydrogen sulfide, carbonyl sulfide, carbon disulfide, and/or thiols and disulfides with four or less carbon atoms, to ppbv concentrations. In specific disclosed implementations, regenerable metal oxide-based sorbents are integrated along with a functional and effective process to control the regeneration reaction and process while maintaining a stable dynamic sulfur capacity. A membrane-based process and system is described for producing regeneration and purge gas for the desulfurization.

Provided is a method of fixing a sufficient amount of carbon dioxide contained in a carbon dioxide-containing gas (e.g., a plant exhaust gas) simply, at low cost, and efficiently. The method of fixing carbon dioxide includes a contact step of bringing a carbon dioxide-containing gas into contact with powdery or grainy particles, which are each formed of a cementitious hardened body and each have a particle size of 40 mm or less, at a temperature of from 75° C. to 110° C. to fix carbon dioxide contained in the carbon dioxide-containing gas to the powdery or grainy particles, wherein the relative humidity of the carbon dioxide-containing gas is adjusted in accordance with the particle size of the powdery or grainy particles and the state of adjustment of moisture content of the powdery or grainy particles before the contact step.

Provided is a method of capturing and recycling carbon dioxide from on-island combustion emissions using sustainable solar energized aquaculture of algae, including the steps of: generating electrical power from at least two renewable power producing systems, wherein the renewable power producing systems comprise at least a solar photovoltaic cell and a water turbine; and storing the electrical power in a battery array.

There is provided a system for circulating air. The system for circulating air has a concrete element that has an open cell porous matrix concrete. The concrete element has an inner surface opposite an outer surface. The inner surface faces an enclosed dwelling space of a building. The system for circulating air has an air circulation conduit in fluid flow communication with the outer surface of the concrete element, and a fan configured to circulate air along the air circulation conduit and through the open cell porous matrix, across a thickness of the concrete element, into the enclosed dwelling space.