A desalination system, including a membrane distillation portion, a solar power concentration portion, and a thermal vapor compression portion operationally connected to the membrane distillation portion and to the solar power concentration portion. The membrane distillation portion includes a first vessel having a first portion and a second portion separated by a hydrophobic membrane operationally connected therebetween and oriented to pass water from the first portion to the second portion, wherein the hydrophobic membrane further comprises a hydrophilic membrane and an air blocking layer connected to the hydrophilic membrane and disposed in the first portion, a vacuum gap adjacent the hydrophobic membrane and disposed in the second portion, a first fluid inlet and a first fluid outlet operationally connected to the first portion, and a second fluid inlet and a second fluid outlet operationally connected to the second portion. The solar power concentration portion includes a pump having a pump outlet and a pump inlet operationally connected to a water line and to the vacuum gap, a linear Fresnel mirror collector for collecting and focusing sunlight, and an outlet line operationally connected to the pump outlet and positioned to receive focused sunlight from linear Fresnel mirror collector. The thermal vapor compression portion includes an ejector having an ejector inlet portion and an ejector outlet portion, wherein the ejector inlet portion is operationally connected to the outlet line and to the vacuum gap, a second vessel fluidically connected to the outlet portion and further including a heat exchanger operationally connected to the ejector outlet portion and to a water pipe, a feed spray operationally connected to the second outlet and positioned to spray into the heat exchanger, and a collection portion for receiving concentrated feed spray. The heat exchanger receives desalinated water from the ejector and from the feed spray. The water line carries desalinated water from the heat exchanger. The first outlet passes concentrated brine, and the first inlet receives feed water to be desalinated.

A purification method for separating and purifying an organic solvent from a liquid mixture of an organic solvent and water, the organic solvent having a boiling point of more than 100 C. at 1 atm, includes the steps of: passing the liquid mixture through a first ion exchange device; supplying the liquid mixture discharged from the first ion exchange device to a pervaporation device to selectively separate water component; supplying the organic solvent recovered from the concentration side of the pervaporation device to an evaporator to obtain a purified organic solvent; and passing, through the second ion exchange device, a portion of liquid containing the organic solvent and flowing at a first position subsequent to the first ion exchange device. The liquid discharged from the second ion exchange device is returned to a second position which is at a preceding stage of the pervaporation device.

A membrane separation and purification apparatus includes a heating module, N levels of a membrane separation module, N first transmission pipelines, and at least N1 second transmission pipelines, with N being a an integer not less than 2. Each level of the membrane separation module is used to perform a membrane separation and purification treatment on a material, the heating module heats the first level of the membrane separation module, adjacent two levels of the membrane separation module are connected via one of the first transmission pipelines and one of the second transmission pipelines, the first transmission pipeline introducing the product from a preceding level of the membrane separation module into a subsequent level of the membrane separation module for a first heat exchange, the second transmission pipeline outputting the product after the first heat exchange into the preceding level of the membrane separation module for a second heat exchange.

A vapor-absorption refrigeration (VAR) system. The VAR system includes a VAR section having a condenser, an absorber, an evaporator, a first desorber, a second desorber, a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger, at least four throttling valves, and at least two pumps. The VAR section heats a saline water feed stream using heat released from the absorber and the condenser, producing cooling effect. The VAR system includes a direct contact membrane distillation-absorber (DCMD-Abs) section receiving the hot saline water feed stream. The DCMD-Abs section comprises DCMD-Abs modules linked in series. Each DCMD-Abs module includes a saltwater feed compartment and a water compartment, and a membrane. Due to temperature difference between the saline water feed stream and cooling water stream, water vapors are produced by evaporation in the saltwater feed compartment and passes through the membrane to the water compartment to be condensed therein.

A vapor-absorption refrigeration (VAR) system. The VAR system includes a VAR section having a condenser, an absorber, an evaporator, a first desorber, a second desorber, a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger, at least four throttling valves, and at least two pumps. The VAR section heats a saline water feed stream using heat released from the absorber and the condenser, producing cooling effect. The VAR system includes a direct contact membrane distillation-absorber (DCMD-Abs) section receiving the hot saline water feed stream. The DCMD-Abs section comprises DCMD-Abs modules linked in series. Each DCMD-Abs module includes a saltwater feed compartment and a water compartment, and a membrane. Due to temperature difference between the saline water feed stream and cooling water stream, water vapors are produced by evaporation in the saltwater feed compartment and passes through the membrane to the water compartment to be condensed therein.

A vapor-absorption refrigeration (VAR) system. The VAR system includes a VAR section having a condenser, an absorber, an evaporator, a first desorber, a second desorber, a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger, at least four throttling valves, and at least two pumps. The VAR section heats a saline water feed stream using heat released from the absorber and the condenser, producing cooling effect. The VAR system includes a direct contact membrane distillation-absorber (DCMD-Abs) section receiving the hot saline water feed stream. The DCMD-Abs section comprises DCMD-Abs modules linked in series. Each DCMD-Abs module includes a saltwater feed compartment and a water compartment, and a membrane. Due to temperature difference between the saline water feed stream and cooling water stream, water vapors are produced by evaporation in the saltwater feed compartment and passes through the membrane to the water compartment to be condensed therein.

A vapor-absorption refrigeration (VAR) system. The VAR system includes a VAR section having a condenser, an absorber, an evaporator, a first desorber, a second desorber, a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger, at least four throttling valves, and at least two pumps. The VAR section heats a saline water feed stream using heat released from the absorber and the condenser, producing cooling effect. The VAR system includes a direct contact membrane distillation-absorber (DCMD-Abs) section receiving the hot saline water feed stream. The DCMD-Abs section comprises DCMD-Abs modules linked in series. Each DCMD-Abs module includes a saltwater feed compartment and a water compartment, and a membrane. Due to temperature difference between the saline water feed stream and cooling water stream, water vapors are produced by evaporation in the saltwater feed compartment and passes through the membrane to the water compartment to be condensed therein.

A vapor-absorption refrigeration (VAR) system. The VAR system includes a VAR section having a condenser, an absorber, an evaporator, a first desorber, a second desorber, a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger, at least four throttling valves, and at least two pumps. The VAR section heats a saline water feed stream using heat released from the absorber and the condenser, producing cooling effect. The VAR system includes a direct contact membrane distillation-absorber (DCMD-Abs) section receiving the hot saline water feed stream. The DCMD-Abs section comprises DCMD-Abs modules linked in series. Each DCMD-Abs module includes a saltwater feed compartment and a water compartment, and a membrane. Due to temperature difference between the saline water feed stream and cooling water stream, water vapors are produced by evaporation in the saltwater feed compartment and passes through the membrane to the water compartment to be condensed therein.

A vapor-absorption refrigeration (VAR) system. The VAR system includes a VAR section having a condenser, an absorber, an evaporator, a first desorber, a second desorber, a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger, at least four throttling valves, and at least two pumps. The VAR section heats a saline water feed stream using heat released from the absorber and the condenser, producing cooling effect. The VAR system includes a direct contact membrane distillation-absorber (DCMD-Abs) section receiving the hot saline water feed stream. The DCMD-Abs section comprises DCMD-Abs modules linked in series. Each DCMD-Abs module includes a saltwater feed compartment and a water compartment, and a membrane. Due to temperature difference between the saline water feed stream and cooling water stream, water vapors are produced by evaporation in the saltwater feed compartment and passes through the membrane to the water compartment to be condensed therein.

A vapor-absorption refrigeration (VAR) system. The VAR system includes a VAR section having a condenser, an absorber, an evaporator, a first desorber, a second desorber, a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger, at least four throttling valves, and at least two pumps. The VAR section heats a saline water feed stream using heat released from the absorber and the condenser, producing cooling effect. The VAR system includes a direct contact membrane distillation-absorber (DCMD-Abs) section receiving the hot saline water feed stream. The DCMD-Abs section comprises DCMD-Abs modules linked in series. Each DCMD-Abs module includes a saltwater feed compartment and a water compartment, and a membrane. Due to temperature difference between the saline water feed stream and cooling water stream, water vapors are produced by evaporation in the saltwater feed compartment and passes through the membrane to the water compartment to be condensed therein.