A cartridge type hollow fiber membrane module includes: a cartridge type hollow fiber membrane element including a hollow fiber membrane bundle, a distribution cylinder, and an adhesive resin portion; a module case including a module case main body portion which has at least one port corresponding to a supply outlet of filtrate or an undiluted solution on a side surface, and a header which has a port corresponding to a supply outlet of filtrate or an undiluted solution, and accommodating the cartridge type hollow fiber membrane element; a first sealing member disposed to come into contact with the distribution cylinder and the header on an external side of a boundary surface between the supporting portion and the adhesive resin portion; and a second sealing member disposed to come into contact with an outer circumference portion of the distribution cylinder and the module case main body portion.

A hollow-fiber membrane module of the invention includes: a cylindrical case having a first end and a second end in a height direction thereof; a hollow-fiber membrane bundle being housed in the cylindrical case and having a plurality of hollow-fiber membranes each closed at an end part on the first end side and opened at an end part on the second end side; a first binding part binding the end parts on the first end side of the hollow-fiber membranes; a first flow channel guiding fluid to pass through the first binding part from the first end side to the second end side of the first binding part; and a channel material directing, at a terminal on the second end side of the first flow channel, a flow of at least a part of the fluid flowing out from the terminal on the second end side of the first flow channel toward a direction intersecting the height direction of the cylindrical case.

A hollow-fiber membrane module of the invention includes: a cylindrical case having a first end and a second end in a height direction thereof; a hollow-fiber membrane bundle being housed in the cylindrical case and having a plurality of hollow-fiber membranes each closed at an end part on the first end side and opened at an end part on the second end side; a first binding part binding the end parts on the first end side of the hollow-fiber membranes; a first flow channel guiding fluid to pass through the first binding part from the first end side to the second end side of the first binding part; and a channel material directing, at a terminal on the second end side of the first flow channel, a flow of at least a part of the fluid flowing out from the terminal on the second end side of the first flow channel toward a direction intersecting the height direction of the cylindrical case.

The present invention relates to a external-perfusion hollow-fiber membrane module containing a hollow-fiber membrane bundle including a plurality of hollow-fiber membranes; and a casing that houses the hollow-fiber membrane bundle, wherein the hollow-fiber membrane bundle has one end that is fixed to an inside of the casing by a potting portion in an open state, and the external-perfusion hollow-fiber membrane module is configured to perform degassing on a gas contained in a liquid inside the casing, the gas being introduced into an inside from an outer surface of the hollow-fiber membrane.

The present invention relates to a external-perfusion hollow-fiber membrane module containing a hollow-fiber membrane bundle including a plurality of hollow-fiber membranes; and a casing that houses the hollow-fiber membrane bundle, wherein the hollow-fiber membrane bundle has one end that is fixed to an inside of the casing by a potting portion in an open state, and the external-perfusion hollow-fiber membrane module is configured to perform degassing on a gas contained in a liquid inside the casing, the gas being introduced into an inside from an outer surface of the hollow-fiber membrane.

The present invention relates to a method of operating a membrane filtration unit including plural hollow fiber membrane modules connected to each other in parallel, the method including: a filtration step; a collection step; and a recovery step, in which a relation of n.sub.1≥n.sub.2>n.sub.3 is satisfied, where n.sub.1 is the number of the hollow fiber membrane modules simultaneously used in executing the filtration step, n.sub.2 is the number of the hollow fiber membrane modules simultaneously used in executing the collection step, and n.sub.3 is the number of the hollow fiber membrane modules simultaneously used in executing the recovery step.

The group of inventions relates to technologies for purifying liquid, primarily water for the domestic and/or drinking water supply in domestic and/or industrial conditions and in allotments and gardens. The characterizing feature of the group of inventions is that the design of a hollow fibre membrane device envisages, and a method for the manufacture thereof enables, the formation of a protective layer consisting of a single polymeric fixing material on the internal surfaces of mono-fibre sections which are incorporated into a binding unit, and the formation of sections which are in the form of a composite in the binding unit, which increases the strength of the hollow fibre membrane device, wherein open channels in the binding unit, formed with the aid of protective elements of an assembly base, make it possible to increase the specific filtering surface. The general problem addressed by the group of inventions, and the technical result which can be achieved with the use of the group of inventions, consists in creating a design of a hollow fibre membrane device and in developing a method for producing the design of the device, making it possible to increase the strength characteristics of the hollow fibre membrane device while simultaneously increasing the specific filtering surface.

The group of inventions relates to technologies for purifying liquid, primarily water for the domestic and/or drinking water supply in domestic and/or industrial conditions and in allotments and gardens. The characterizing feature of the group of inventions is that the design of a hollow fibre membrane device envisages, and a method for the manufacture thereof enables, the formation of a protective layer consisting of a single polymeric fixing material on the internal surfaces of mono-fibre sections which are incorporated into a binding unit, and the formation of sections which are in the form of a composite in the binding unit, which increases the strength of the hollow fibre membrane device, wherein open channels in the binding unit, formed with the aid of protective elements of an assembly base, make it possible to increase the specific filtering surface. The general problem addressed by the group of inventions, and the technical result which can be achieved with the use of the group of inventions, consists in creating a design of a hollow fibre membrane device and in developing a method for producing the design of the device, making it possible to increase the strength characteristics of the hollow fibre membrane device while simultaneously increasing the specific filtering surface.

A potting system comprising a potting unit having an integrated compressible seal formed from the same material that the potting unit is composed of.

The present invention provides a carbon membrane for fluid separation with which a high-pressure fluid can be separated and purified and which has excellent pressure resistance and is less apt to be damaged. The present invention relates to a carbon membrane for fluid separation, including: a core layer which has a co-continuous porous structure; and a skin layer which has substantially no co-continuous porous structure and is formed around the core layer.