A membrane defect inspection method is for a membrane module set including a plurality of membrane modules connected in parallel under a straight pipe portion of gas detection piping extending in a horizontal direction and communicating with primary spaces in the plurality of membrane modules to which raw water is supplied or secondary spaces. The method includes a gas injection process where gas is injected into spaces opposite to the primary spaces or the secondary spaces communicating with the gas detection piping while the gas detection piping is filled with water, and an echo detection process where an ultrasonic sensor is brought into contact with an end portion of the straight pipe portion of the gas detection piping, and a reflected wave of an ultrasonic wave transmitted from the ultrasonic sensor is detected.

A leak may be detected in a heat exchanger of a hemodialysis device. A drain valve is opened by the controller, and then closed by the controller after a pre-selected time period. An initial pressure is determined in the spent dialysate circuit and stored in the memory. A system pressure is determined at periodic time intervals and compared to a pre-determined maximum pressure. The controller then determines whether the heat exchanger has a leak, in that in response to the system pressure exceeding a predetermined maximum pressure, a command is generated to execute an event including suspending a disinfectant operation with a disinfecting agent, and in response to the initial pressure subtracted from the system pressure being greater than a predetermined minimum pressure differential, a command is generated to execute an event including suspending the cleanse operation with the disinfecting agent.

A membrane defect inspection method that can detect damage in a filtrate membrane and can detect presence or absence of damage or a seal defect in a membrane module; and the method is for a membrane module set including multiple membrane modules connected under gas detection piping communicating with primary spaces of the multiple membrane modules where raw water is supplied or secondary spaces in multiple membrane modules where treated water is extracted after the raw water is filtrated by membranes. The method includes a gas injection process where gas is injected into spaces opposite the primary or secondary spaces communicating with gas detection piping in the multiple membrane modules while the gas detection piping is filled with water, and a vibration detection process where a vibration sensor is brought into contact with a protrusion protruding outward from the gas detection piping to detect vibration of the gas detection piping.

A testing apparatus employs an interface module removably attached to a filter testing device. The interface module includes a first flowpath communicating with an outlet of the testing device and a housing of the filter device, a first valve disposed in the first flowpath, a second flowpath communicating with the housing of the filter device and an exhaust, a second valve disposed in the second flowpath, and an enclosure enclosing the first flowpath, the first valve, the second flowpath, and the second valve. The interface module is cleanable and/or sterilizable, and replaceable. A filter integrity testing method uses an interface module to prevent contamination of the testing device and cross-contamination of different filter devices and avoid liquid ingress into the testing device.

A leak may be detected in a heat exchanger of a hemodialysis device. A drain valve is opened by the controller, and then closed by the controller after a pre-selected time period. An initial pressure is determined in the spent dialysate circuit and stored in the memory. A system pressure is determined at periodic time intervals and compared to a pre-determined maximum pressure. The controller then determines whether the heat exchanger has a leak, in that in response to the system pressure exceeding a predetermined maximum pressure, a command is generated to execute an event including suspending a disinfectant operation with a disinfecting agent, and in response to the initial pressure subtracted from the system pressure being greater than a predetermined minimum pressure differential, a command is generated to execute an event including suspending the cleanse operation with the disinfecting agent.

Hollow fiber cartridges and components and methods of their construction.

The present disclosure relates to an apparatus and an apparatus assembly for assessing the suitability of a membrane, such as an osmotic membrane in an osmotic process. Furthermore, the apparatus, and apparatus assembly provide the means to optimise the parameters of an osmotic process, including the ability to gather key data for different membrane based osmotic systems to enable osmotic process and system optimisation.

Each cell is pressurized with gas from outside of the cell, the amount of permeation of the gas permeated into each cell is measured, and a cell having the amount of permeation greater than (average value of all cells+A) (wherein A is a predetermined value of ? to 6?, where ? is the standard deviation) is considered to be defective. Alternatively, pressure is reduced for each cell, the degree of vacuum in each cell is measured, and a cell having the degree of vacuum worse than (average value of all cells+A) is considered to be defective. Then, a polymer compound is poured into the defective cells of the monolithic separation membrane structure and cured so that the defective cells are sealed. Alternatively, the polymer compound formed in advance as the sealing member is inserted into the defective cells to seal the defective cells.

Hollow fiber cartridges and components and methods of their construction.

HEPA filter integrity testing apparatus including an automated mover, a scan module connected to the automated mover, and scan probes disposed along the length of the scan module. Assemblies also include HEPA filters and the filter integrity testing apparatus. A method of determining the integrity of HEPA filters with the filter integrity apparatus is disclosed.