A reverse osmosis membrane is disclosed that has a hydrogel disposed on its surface, wherein the hydrogel is formed from a crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone or a copolymer of vinyl pyrrolidone. The hydrogel-coated membrane resists fouling by feed water contaminants. The permeate flux rate and salt rejection of the underlying membrane are not negatively affected by the hydrogel coating.

A high-performance thin-film composite polyamide membrane upcycled from a substrate fouled with a biopolymer and a preparation method thereof are provided. The method includes fouling the substrate preferably with the biopolymer to obtain a composite of the substrate and a biopolymer foulant layer; then immersing the composite into a first solution formed by dissolving a polyamine monomer in water, followed by taking the composite out of the first solution and removing excess droplets from a surface of the composite; then immersing the composite treated in the previous step into a second solution formed by dissolving an acyl chloride monomer in n-hexane for interfacial polymerization to form a rejection layer on the surface of the composite; and after completion of the reaction, taking the composite out of the second solution, followed by drying and heat treatment, to obtain the target polyamide membrane.

A membrane includes a porous polymer substrate, and at least a first layer of graphene platelets supported by the substrate. The graphene platelets of the first layer include aminated graphene platelets. A method for making a membrane includes providing a porous polymer substrate, providing a first suspension of graphene platelets in a fluid, wherein the graphene platelets of the first suspension are aminated graphene platelets, and applying the first suspension to the substrate to deposit a layer of the aminated graphene platelets on the substrate.

A method for manufacturing a porous device (10) is described. The method comprises creating (340) a carbon nanomembrane (40) on a top surface (22) of a base material (20) having latent pores (23) and etching (360) the latent pores (23) in the base material(20) to form open pores (24). The porous device (10) can be used as a filtration device.

A filtration membrane that includes a porous substrate layer and an active layer arranged over at least a part of the substrate layer. The active layer comprises a metal-organic framework (MOF). Also disclosed are methods for of producing a filtration membrane and uses of the filtration membrane for water treatment.

A support is a porous ceramic support for supporting a zeolite membrane. The hydraulic conductivity of the support is less than or equal to 1.110.sup.3 m/s. In the support, the total content of alkali metal and alkaline earth metal in a surface part within 30 m from a surface in a depth direction perpendicular to the surface is less than or equal to 1% by weight.

A nanofiltration membrane with a high flux for selectively removing hydrophobic endocrine disrupting chemicals and a preparation method thereof are provided. The method includes the following steps: immersing a porous support layer into a first solution, removing excess droplets from a surface of the support layer after taking the support layer out of the first solution, and then immersing the support layer attached with the first solution into a second solution for an interfacial polymerization reaction, followed by washing after completion of the reaction to obtain the subject nanofiltration membrane. The first solution is an aqueous solution containing a polyamine monomer and an acid binding agent, and the second solution is an organic solution containing an acid chloride monomer and a metal-organic framework.

A zeolite membrane complex includes a porous support, and a zeolite membrane formed on the support. The zeolite membrane includes a zeolite crystal phase constituted by a plurality of zeolite crystals, and a dense grain boundary phase, which is a region between the plurality of zeolite crystals. A density of at least part of the grain boundary phase is smaller than a density of the zeolite crystal phase. A width of the grain boundary phase is 2 nm or more and 10 nm or less. Accordingly, it is possible to realize high permeability and high separating performance, and high durability of the zeolite membrane.

Provided is a method of producing a zeolite film continuously and efficiently.

Zeolite is formed on a surface of a support using a method including: a first step of attaching zeolite fine crystals to a surface of a support; a second step of preparing synthetic gel for growing the fine crystals; a third step of putting the support and the synthetic gel into a reactor and performing hydrothermal synthesis; and a fourth step of cleaning the support subjected to the hydrothermal synthesis, in which in the third step, multiple containers arranged to be movable in a constant-temperature apparatus are each used as the reactor, the temperature and pressure for the hydrothermal synthesis is adjusted by the temperature and pressure in the constant-temperature apparatus, and the reaction time of the hydrothermal synthesis is adjusted by setting the time from when the reactor enters the constant-temperature apparatus to when the reactor exits the constant-temperature apparatus.

Provided is a method of producing a zeolite film continuously and efficiently. The method of forming zeolite on a surface of a support is characterized in that the method includes: a first step of attaching zeolite fine crystals to a surface of a support; a second step of preparing synthetic gel for growing the fine crystals; a third step of putting the support and the synthetic gel into a continuous reactor and performing hydrothermal synthesis; and a fourth step of cleaning the support on which zeolite has been hydrothermally synthesized, and in the third step, the temperature, pressure, and flow of the synthetic gel in the continuous reactor is adjusted, the support is moved being immersed in the synthetic gel, the reaction time of the hydrothermal synthesis is adjusted by adjusting the time from when the support enters the continuous reactor to when the support exits the continuous reactor.