A filtration membrane, suitably for water filtration, comprising a porous substrate layer and an active layer arranged over at least a part of the substrate layer. The active layer has a lamellar structure comprising at least two layers of two-dimensional material. The two-dimensional material comprises graphene or a derivative thereof. There is also provided a method for producing filtration membranes and filtration devices containing the filtration membranes.

Part of a zeolite membrane of a zeolite membrane complex is set in pores of a support over a boundary surface between the zeolite membrane and the support. With respect to a main element constituting the zeolite membrane, a distance in a depth direction perpendicular to the boundary surface between a position at which a ratio (B/C)/A is 0.8 and the boundary surface is preferably not smaller than 0.01 m and not larger than 5 m. B/C is a value obtained by dividing an atomic percentage B of the main element inside the support by a porosity C of the support. The ratio (B/C)/A is a ratio of the value to an atomic percentage A of the main element in the zeolite membrane.

A spunbonded nonwoven fabric includes thermoplastic fibers, wherein the thermoplastic fibers are conjugate fibers in which a low-melting polymer having a melting point lower by 10 to 140 C. than that of a high-melting polymer is provided around the high-melting polymer, the spunbonded nonwoven fabric has a non-pressure bonding portion having an apparent density of 0.20 to 0.60 g/cm.sup.3, when a long axis length of a fiber cross section of the non-pressure bonding portion is a and a short axis length thereof is b, a fiber flatness a/b is 1.5 to 5, and an air permeability satisfies formula (1):

[air permeability (cc/cm.sup.2.Math.sec)]520exp(0.0236[basis weight (g/m.sup.2)]2.85[apparent density (g/cm.sup.3)])(1).

Disclosed herein is an ion selective separation membrane including: a metal organic framework layer formed on, in, and/or around a substrate, the metal organic framework having a crystal structure that includes a first surface and a second surface and includes ion transport channels formed between respective pore windows in the first surface and the second surface; first and second electrodes to apply a potential difference across the membrane; wherein the respective pore windows have a pore size that is less than the hydrated diameter of the ion for which the ion selective separation membrane is selective.

Articles with covalently attached thiocarbonylthio-containing groups are provided. More specifically, the articles include a solid polymeric substrate with a plurality of thiocarbonylthio-containing groups covalently attached directly to a carbon atom in a polymeric backbone of the solid polymeric substrate. Methods of making the articles with covalently attached thiocarbonylthio-containing are provided. Additionally, methods of using these articles to generate further articles with covalently attached polymeric chains are provided.

Asymmetric composite membranes and methods for their preparation are disclosed. The membranes comprise a cross-linked poly(vinyl alcohol) polymer coated on a film of cross-linked sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) adhered to a sheet of hydrophilicitized microporous polyolefin. The microporous polyolefin is typically microporous poly(ethylene). The membranes have improved selectivity with the regard to the rejection of solutes in reverse osmosis and ultrafiltration applications.

The invention relates to a heparin-functionalized semi-permeable membrane comprising at least one layer of porous biocompatible polymer, and one layer of non-woven biocompatible polymer wherein said heparin is covalently bound to a layer on the surface of said porous biocompatible polymer.

Asymmetric articles are described including a porous substrate with two opposing major surfaces and a porous structure extending between the surfaces, and a polymeric coating on one of the major surfaces and extending into the porous structure to a depth of the porous structure. Methods for making an asymmetric composite article are also provided, including providing a porous substrate, treating the porous substrate with a plasma treatment or a corona treatment from one major surface to a depth of the porous structure between the two major surfaces. The method further includes applying a coating solution to the treated porous substrate and drying the coating solution to form a composite asymmetric composite article having a polymeric coating on one major surface and extending into the porous structure to the depth of the treated porous structure.

Disclosed herein are hybrid membranes comprising: a microporous polymer, the microporous polymer comprising a continuous polymer phase permeated by a continuous pore phase; and an atomic scale inorganic material dispersed throughout the microporous polymer within the continuous pore phase. Methods of making and use of the hybrid membranes are also disclosed.

The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a composite membrane using a selective layer prepared through the interfacial polymerization (support-free interfacial polymerization) on a free interface without a support and, more specifically, to a method for manufacturing a composite membrane comprising a reverse osmotic membrane, which is obtained by preparing a selective layer through a spontaneous reaction of two organic monomers on an interface between two immiscible solutions and allowing the selective layer to adhere to a support. By employing the method for manufacturing a composite membrane having a selective layer prepared through the support-free interfacial polymerization according to the present invention, a high-functional reverse osmotic membrane can be prepared using various supports other than a conventional polysulfone support, thereby extending the application range of the reverse osmotic membrane, which has been restricted due to low chemical resistance of polysulfone. In addition, the preparation method for the selective layer can be controlled more precisely than a conventional method, and the analysis of components (selective layer, support, and interface) of the composite membrane is easy.