A method for making a composite membrane includes the steps of coating a first layer of ionomer on an intermediate support, laminating a dry porous support into the wet first layer of ionomer, impregnating the porous support with ionomer from the coated ionomer layer, optionally drying the impregnated porous support and the first layer of ionomer, coating a second layer of ionomer on the impregnated porous support, drying the second layer of ionomer until most of the solvent is evaporated, and delaminating the composite membrane from the intermediate support. The composite membrane thus obtained includes a porous support impregnated with the ionomer and on each side of the impregnated support a dense ionomer layer.

A gas separation membrane, the gas separation membrane module, and the gas separation device each have a support, a resin layer, a separation layer, and a protective layer in this order, in which the resin layer includes a compound having a siloxane bond, the protective layer is in direct contact with the separation layer, a composition of the protective layer is different from a composition of the resin layer, the composition of the protective layer is different from a composition of the separation layer, and the separation layer has a maximum value of a silicon atom content of 2 atomic % or less in a composition of a half area on a side of the protective layer in a thickness direction.

The present invention relates to surface modifying agents for polymeric and/or textile materials, methods of making and/or using a surface modifying agent to modify and functionalize polymeric and/or textile materials, and/or methods of using surface modified or functionalized polymeric and textile materials, and/or products using or incorporating surface modified or functionalized polymeric and textile materials. For example, the surface modifying agent in precursor form can be styrene sulfonyl azide monomer, polymer or copolymer capable of undergoing a chemical reaction in the presence of heat or light to form one or more styrene sulfonated nitrene monomers, polymers or copolymers, which are capable of chemically reacting with the surface of a polymeric or textile material to endow a specific or desired chemical surface functionality to the surface of a polymeric or textile material. Furthermore, the present invention is possibly preferably directed to a surface modifying agent which comprises a styrene sulfonated nitrene monomer, polymer or polymer containing one or more nitrene functional groups, which are capable of chemically reacting via an insertion reaction into one or more carbon-hydrogen bonds on the surface of a polymeric or textile material in order to chemically attach a specific or desired chemical functionality to the surface of a polymeric or textile material.

A method for producing a laminated complex according to one embodiment of the present invention is a method for producing a laminated complex that includes a sheet-shaped or tube-shaped porous support and a semipermeable membrane layer stacked on an outer surface of the support, the method including a coating step of coating an outer surface of the support with a semipermeable membrane layer-forming composition in which a fluororesin is dispersed in a solvent; an immersing step of immersing the coated surface of the support in water after the coating step; and a heating step of heating water in which the support is immersed.

A monolayer membrane containing gelling polymer particles having at least one of a basic functional group and an acidic functional group, and having a thickness of less than 5 ?m. A composite having a porous carrier and gelling polymer particles having at least any one of a basic functional group and an acidic functional group and filling up the surface pores of the porous carrier. The invention can provide a novel material capable of efficiently separating an acid gas from a mixed gas.

Provided is a method for separating, from a raw gas containing a specific gas, the specific gas using a gas separation membrane module. The gas separation membrane module includes a housing and a gas separation membrane element enclosed in the housing. The gas separation membrane element includes a gas separation membrane including a hydrophilic resin composition layer for selectively allowing for permeation of the specific gas. The method includes the steps of: increasing pressure in an interior of the gas separation membrane module; increasing a temperature in the interior of the gas separation membrane module; and feeding a raw gas to the interior of the gas separation membrane module in that order.

Described are porous membrane products that contain two or more membrane layers bonded together at a portion of the area of the membranes, methods and system for preparing the porous membrane products, and methods of using the porous membrane products.

The present disclosure relates to a membrane apparatus for selectively retaining and releasing target cations, such as lithium. The membrane apparatus comprises a cation exchange layer and an anion exchange layer that are coupled and configured for hydraulic communication with sufficient permselectivity to facilitate water splitting under an applied voltage. The cation exchange layer comprises a sorbing agent that has a target cation binding coefficient that is less than its hydrogen ion binding coefficient such that it may be efficiently regenerated by in situ produced hydrogen ions. Electrically regenerated ion exchange devices and methods are also described.

This invention relates to membranes of two dimensional material and their uses in filtration. The membranes may include polyaromatic molecules which provide a improvement in the rejection observed for small solutes. The two dimensional material may be a transition metal dichalcogenide (TMDC) or hexagonal boron nitride (hBN).

Methods for manufacturing an isotopic filtration module and methods for filtering water according to its isotopic forms. In some implementations, graphene oxide flakes may be dispersed in an aqueous medium to form a graphene oxide solution. The graphene oxide solution may be applied to a substrate to form a laminated graphene oxide membrane comprising a plurality of graphene oxide sheets coupled together in a layered, interlocking structure.