A method of synthesizing a mixed matrix membrane (MMM) film. The method includes: synthesizing a polymer including a polynorbornene or a polytricyclononene; synthesizing covalent-triazine frameworks (CTFs); preparing a polymer solution by dissolving the polymer in a first solvent; preparing a filler solution by dispersing the CTFs in a second solvent; adding the polymer solution to the filler solution while stirring the filler solution, forming a casting solution; pouring the casting solution into a membrane support; and drying the poured casting solution in the membrane support to form the MMM film including the CTFs.

The present invention belongs to the technical field of membrane-based water treatment and relates to a novel guanidine-based composite nanofiltration (NF) flat-sheet membrane, and a preparation method and application thereof. The present invention provides a method for preparing a guanidine-based composite NF flat-sheet membrane, where a dense separation layer is formed on the surface of a polyethersulfone ultrafiltration membrane through polymerization reaction between the amino group of 1,3-diaminoguanidine and the acyl chloride group of trimesoyl chloride. Under suitable reaction conditions, the guanidine-based composite NF membrane obtained according to the present invention enables effective separation of multivalent ions over a wide pH range, with a rejection rate of over 96% for 1000 ppm of MgSO.sub.4 solution, and can operate continuously and stably in a mixed ions solution with a wide pH.

The present invention belongs to the technical field of membrane-based water treatment and relates to a novel guanidine-based composite nanofiltration (NF) flat-sheet membrane, and a preparation method and application thereof. The present invention provides a method for preparing a guanidine-based composite NF flat-sheet membrane, where a dense separation layer is formed on the surface of a polyethersulfone ultrafiltration membrane through polymerization reaction between the amino group of 1,3-diaminoguanidine and the acyl chloride group of trimesoyl chloride. Under suitable reaction conditions, the guanidine-based composite NF membrane obtained according to the present invention enables effective separation of multivalent ions over a wide pH range, with a rejection rate of over 96% for 1000 ppm of MgSO.sub.4 solution, and can operate continuously and stably in a mixed ions solution with a wide pH.

Provided is a polymer electrolyte membrane for SF.sub.6 separation, using a nitrate electrolyte, where the nitrate is solvated in the membrane to thus form ionic aggregates, whereby polar SF.sub.6 has difficulty passing through the membrane due to the barrier effect of the ionic aggregates, thus enabling the separation of SF.sub.6.

A structure, and methods of making the structure are provided in which the structure can include: a membrane having a first layer and a second layer, the first layer comprising polymer chains formed with coordination complexes with metal ions, and the second layer consisting of a porous support layer formed of polymer chains substantially, if not completely, lacking the presence of metal ions. The structure can be an asymmetric polymeric membrane containing a metal-rich layer as the first layer. In various embodiments the first layer can be a metal-rich dense layer. The first layer can include pores. The polymer chains of the first layer can be closely packed. The second layer can include a plurality of macro voids and can have an absence of the metal ions of the first layer.

The present invention provides a hollow-fiber membrane blood purification device obtained by filling a container with a hollow-fiber membrane, in which the hollow-fiber membrane contains a hydrophobic polymer, a hydrophilic polymer and a lipid-soluble substance; the amount of the lipid-soluble substance on the inner surface of the hollow-fiber membrane is 10 mg/m.sup.2 or more and 300 mg/m.sup.2 or less; and the oxygen transmission rate of the container is 1.810.sup.10 cm.sup.3.Math.cm/(cm.sup.2.Math.s.Math.cmHg) or less.

The present invention provides a hollow-fiber membrane blood purification device obtained by filling a container with a hollow-fiber membrane, in which the hollow-fiber membrane contains a hydrophobic polymer, a hydrophilic polymer and a lipid-soluble substance; the amount of the lipid-soluble substance on the inner surface of the hollow-fiber membrane is 10 mg/m.sup.2 or more and 300 mg/m.sup.2 or less; and the oxygen transmission rate of the container is 1.810.sup.10 cm.sup.3.Math.cm/(cm.sup.2.Math.s.Math.cmHg) or less.

A gas separation membrane having a gas separating layer containing a polybenzoxazole resin, in which the polybenzoxazole exhibits a solubility of 1% by mass or more to any one solvent selected from tetrahydrofuran, chloroform, methyl ethyl ketone, and N-methylpyrrolidone, at a temperature of 30 C., a gas separation module utilizing the gas separation membrane, a gas separation apparatus, and a gas separation method.

A gas separation membrane having a gas separating layer containing a polybenzoxazole resin, in which the polybenzoxazole exhibits a solubility of 1% by mass or more to any one solvent selected from tetrahydrofuran, chloroform, methyl ethyl ketone, and N-methylpyrrolidone, at a temperature of 30 C., a gas separation module utilizing the gas separation membrane, a gas separation apparatus, and a gas separation method.

Provided is a polymer electrolyte membrane for SF.sub.6 separation, using a nitrate electrolyte, where the nitrate is solvated in the membrane to thus form ionic aggregates, whereby polar SF.sub.6 has difficulty passing through the membrane due to the barrier effect of the ionic aggregates, thus enabling the separation of SF.sub.6.