There is provided an exhaust gas processing apparatus configured to cause a processing gas to be exposed to or come into contact with a liquid and thereby detoxify the processing gas. The exhaust gas processing apparatus comprises a suction casing provided with an inlet which the processing gas is sucked into and with an outlet which the processing gas is flowed out from; a liquid tank configured to receive an outlet-side part of the suction casing and store the liquid therein; and one or multiple spray nozzles placed in the liquid tank. The outlet of the suction casing is arranged to be located above a liquid surface of the liquid stored in the liquid tank. The one or multiple spray nozzles are configured to spray the liquid from around the outlet of the suction casing to a peripheral part of the outlet.

Embodiments may include a hydrogen sulfide scrubber system that includes a charging chamber, a reaction vessel, and a treated gas trap. Embodiments may include a mobile vehicle, vessel, or platform that includes a mobile vehicle, vessel, or platform with a mounted hydrogen sulfide scrubber system. The hydrogen sulfide scrubber system is configured as previously described. Embodiments may include a method of using a hydrogen sulfide scrubber system.

One variation of a method includes: conveying a mixture of air in a working fluid through a compressor to heat and pressurize the mixture to promote absorption of carbon dioxide into the working fluid; depositing the mixture in a high-pressure vessel configured to remove air from the mixture of carbon dioxide in the working fluid; conveying the mixture through a turbine to reduce pressure and promote desorption of carbon dioxide from the working fluid; depositing the mixture in a low-pressure vessel for removal of carbon dioxide; in response to a temperature of an interior environment falling below a target range, conveying the working fluid through a heating element configured to transfer heat from the working fluid into the interior environment; and, in response to the temperature exceeding the target range, conveying the working fluid through a cooling element configured to transfer heat from the working fluid into an exterior environment.

Injecting CO2 that is diluted within water, into a coal seam, which allows for the sequestering and control of downhole CO2 within connected fractures without damaging the subterranean formation.

Disclosed are methods and systems for capturing carbon dioxide (CO.sub.2) from an input gas stream (e.g., flue gas from a combustion process). In particular, the system includes a CO.sub.2 absorption module that directs supersaturated CO.sub.2 process water to a CO.sub.2 recovery process. The CO.sub.2 recovery process includes a sparging seal vessel, followed by an agitator, followed by a stripper unit, followed by an outgassing tank, and lastly a membrane separator, configured to outgas CO.sub.2 from the supersaturated process water and direct the gaseous CO.sub.2 into a CO.sub.2 collection header.

A membrane modification method for improving liquid membrane separation of carbon dioxide (CO.sub.2) includes grafting an organic substance containing an amine group on a porous membrane material, and loading water into pore channels of the porous membrane material to prepare a supported liquid membrane for a gas mixture separation experiment of CO.sub.2. In the method, the amine group is introduced through chemical grafting to make the water being alkaline when used as membrane liquid. Compared with an alkaline solution as the membrane liquid, the method can avoid the loss of active alkaline substances and increase the permeation flux of CO.sub.2.

Apparatus and methods for desulfurization and decarbonization of a process gas containing sulfur oxides and CO.sub.2. Ammonia may be used as a desulfurizing and decarbonizing agent. The gas may enter a desulfurization apparatus for desulfurization, and to produce an ammonium sulfate fertilizer. The desulfurized gas may enter a decarbonization apparatus to remove carbon dioxide in the gas, and to produce an ammonium bicarbonate fertilizer. The decarbonized gas may contain free ammonia. The decarbonized gas may be washed with a desulfurization circulating fluid and then with water. The washing fluid may be returned to the desulfurization apparatus for use as an absorbing agent for desulfurization. Acidic desulfurization circulating fluid may be used to wash ammonia, thereby achieving a high ammonia washing efficiency, and a low ammonia slip during the decarbonization process.

Novel methods for pretreating a rare-gas-containing stream exiting an etch chamber followed by recovering the rare gas from the pre-treated, rare-gas containing stream are disclosed. More particularly, the invention relates to the pretreatment and recovery of a rare gas, such as xenon or krypton, from a nitrogen-based exhaust stream with specific gaseous impurities generated during an etch process that is performed as part of a semiconductor fabrication process.

Techniques according to the present disclosure include capturing carbon dioxide from a dilute gas source with a CO.sub.2 capture solution to form a carbonate-rich capture solution; separating at least a portion of carbonate from the carbonate-rich capture solution; forming an electrodialysis (ED) feed solution; flowing a water stream and the ED feed solution to a bipolar membrane electrodialysis (BPMED) unit; applying an electric potential to the BPMED unit to form at least two ED product streams including a first ED product stream including a hydroxide; and flowing the first ED product stream to use in the capturing the carbon dioxide from the dilute gas source with the CO.sub.2 capture solution.

According to embodiment, a carbon dioxide capturing system cools a regenerator discharge gas discharged from a regenerator 5 containing carbon dioxide by a cooling unit 8, and then sends the gas to a cleaner 9. The cleaner 9 receives condensed water generated from the regenerator discharge gas cooled by the cooler 9, and a gaseous cooled regenerator discharge gas, and cleans the cooled regenerator discharge gas by a cleaning liquid. The cleaner 9 has a first liquid reservoir 9b configured to store the condensed water, and a second liquid reservoir 9c configured to store the cleaning liquid having cleaned the cooled regenerator discharge gas.