A carbon dioxide capture system according to an embodiment includes a carbon dioxide capturer, a first washer, and a second washer. The first washer includes a spray configured to spray first cleaning liquid supplied under first pressure. The second washer includes a cleaning liquid diffuser configured to diffuse and drop second cleaning liquid supplied under second pressure lower than the first pressure.

The gas separation device separates or captures a target gas component from a gas to be processed by: causing an absorbing liquid to flow down on a surface of a packing disposed inside a processing tank while supplying the gas to be processed containing the target gas component into the processing tank; bringing the absorbing liquid flowing down on the surface of the packing and the gas to be processed into gas-liquid contact; and thereby causing the absorbing liquid to absorb the target gas component contained in the gas to be processed. The packing includes at least one packing unit formed from multiple expanded metal plates, which are disposed vertically and arranged in parallel. Each expanded metal plate includes strands forming the openings which are arranged like stairs. Each strand is inclined to the vertical direction at an angle in a range from 48° to 73°.

Corrosion in a CO2 removal system is reduced or even entirely avoided by use of a metal ion chelator unit that removes metal ions, and especially iron ions from an amine solvent to a level of equal or less than 1 mg/l without substantially binding heat stable salts.

A carbonic acid gas absorbing material on an embodiment includes a liquid carbonic acid gas absorbent and a solid carbonic acid gas absorbent. The liquid carbonic acid gas absorbent is a solution containing a first amine and a solvent. The solid carbonic acid gas absorbent is a second amine of any one among a polyamine, a base material and an amine fixed to the base material, or a polyamine, a base material, and an amine fixed to the base material.

A scrubbing solution is provided having an absorbent for carbon dioxide based on amines, or ethanolamines, or amino acid salts, or potash, or a combination thereof, and an additive activating the absorption rate, wherein the activating additive is a germanium dioxide. A corresponding method for accelerating the absorption of carbon dioxide is also provided, wherein a carbon dioxide-containing gas is contacted with such a scrubbing solution, wherein the carbon dioxide is physically dissolved in the scrubbing solution and is chemically absorbed with the participation of the absorbent, and wherein the germanium dioxide acts catalytically for at least one reaction step of the chemical absorption of the carbon dioxide.

An apparatus and process are provided for electricity production and high-efficiency trapping of carbon dioxide, using carbon dioxide within combustion exhaust gas and converging technologies associated with a carbon dioxide absorption tower and a generating device using ions which uses a difference in concentration of salinity between seawater and freshwater. It is expected that enhanced electrical energy production efficiency, an effect of reducing costs for the operation of a carbon dioxide trapping process, and electricity production from carbon dioxide, which is a greenhouse gas, can be simultaneously achieved by increasing the difference in concentration using an absorbent for absorbing carbon dioxide.

Systems and methods are provided for regenerating a bed containing absorbed and/or adsorbed CO.sub.2 using a low value steam stream. The steam stream can have a pressure of 10 kPa-a to 50 kPa-a and a temperature of 46° C. to 81° C. The steam stream can be used to displace CO.sub.2 from the bed, resulting in formation of a low pressure stream including water vapor and CO.sub.2. The stream containing water vapor and CO.sub.2 is then passed through a liquid ring pump that includes an associated ring cooler. The ring pump provides the suction necessary to draw the low value steam stream through the bed to displace the CO.sub.2. Due to the nature of operation of the liquid ring pump, the majority of water in the steam containing H.sub.2O and CO.sub.2 can be removed within the liquid ring pump, resulting in production of a stream comprising 90 vol % or more of CO.sub.2 at a pressure of 90 kPa-a or more. An example of a bed that can be regenerated using a low value steam stream is a bed that corresponds to a liquid amine that is coated on/covering/impregnated into a porous solid, so that the liquid amine remains substantially in place during a cycle of sorption and desorption of CO.sub.2.

A gas turbine plant includes a gas turbine, an exhaust line, an exhaust heat recovery boiler that generates steam due to heat of exhaust gas and guides the exhaust gas to the exhaust line, a carbon dioxide recovery device that recovers carbon dioxide contained in the exhaust gas, a heat exchanger that cools the exhaust gas to a temperature set in advance, and a circulation line that branches from a position between the carbon dioxide recovery device and the heat exchanger and is connected to an inlet of the gas turbine. The carbon dioxide recovery device has an absorption tower that absorbs carbon dioxide contained in the exhaust gas by causing the exhaust gas at the set temperature and an absorption liquid to come into contact with each other. The heat exchanger is formed of a material having higher corrosion resistance than a material forming the exhaust heat recovery boiler.

A carbon dioxide capture system according to an embodiment includes: a carbon dioxide capturer, an absorbing liquid regenerator, a first washer, a second washer, and an absorbing liquid line. The first washer washes the combustion exhaust gas discharged from the carbon dioxide capturer with a mist of a first cleaning liquid sprayed by a first spray to capture the amine accompanying the combustion exhaust gas. The absorbing liquid line supplies the absorbing liquid regenerated in the absorbing liquid regenerator as the first cleaning liquid to the first spray. The first cleaning liquid sprayed by the first spray is supplied as the absorbing liquid to the carbon dioxide capturer.

An exhaust gas treatment device includes an exhaust gas line through which a combustion exhaust gas discharged from a power generation facility flows, a waste heat recovery boiler recovering waste heat of the combustion exhaust gas, a branch exhaust gas line provided to be connected between a front stage and a downstream stage of the waste heat recovery boiler on a main exhaust gas line, a nitrogen oxide removal unit removing nitrogen oxide in an integrated combustion exhaust gas into which a combustion exhaust gas flowing through the main exhaust gas line and a combustion exhaust gas flowing through the branch exhaust gas line are integrated, an integrated waste heat recovery boiler recovering waste heat of the integrated combustion exhaust gas from which nitrogen oxide has been removed, and a CO.sub.2 recovery unit recovering CO.sub.2 in the integrated combustion exhaust gas.