A solution is to produce an acid gas separation composite membrane provided with an acid gas separation facilitated membrane on a porous support, including; arranging of a coating liquid for acid gas separation formed through dispersing or dissolving into water a polyvinyl acetal compound formed through crosslinking, by an acetal bond, block copolymers formed through bonding of a polymer block formed of polyvinyl alcohol and a polymer block formed of polyacrylate through a linking group, an acid gas carrier and at least one kind of anion other than hydroxide ion, carboxyl ion, carbonate ion and bicarbonate ion, and coating of the coating liquid for acid gas separation onto a hydrophobic surface of the porous support having hydrophobicity at least on one surface to form the acid gas separation facilitated transport membrane thereon.

This invention relates to a Cu-BTC MOF which is water stable. The Cu-BTC MOF has been modified by substituting some of the BTC ligand (1,3,5, benzene tricarboxylic acid) with 5-aminoisophthalic acid (AIA). The resultant MOF retains at least 40% of its as synthesized surface area after exposure to liquid water at 60° C. for 6 hours. This is an unexpected result versus the MOF containing only the BTC ligand. This MOF can be used to abate contaminants such as ammonia in gas streams and especially air streams.

A system and process for selectively separating H.sub.2S from a gas mixture which also comprises CO.sub.2 is disclosed. A water recycle stream is fed to the absorber in order to create a higher concentration absorbent above the recycle feed and having a greater H.sub.2S selectivity at lower acid gas loadings, and a more dilute absorbent below the recycle feed and having a greater H.sub.2S selectivity at higher acid gas loadings. Also disclosed is a system and process for selectively separating H.sub.2S by utilizing two different absorbents, one absorbent for the upper section of the absorber, tailored to have a greater H.sub.2S selectivity at lower acid gas loadings, and a second absorbent for the lower section of the absorber, tailored to have a greater H.sub.2S selectivity at higher acid gas loadings.

A method for operating an adsorption-based system for removing water and potentially other components from a feed stream. The system includes at least two dehydration units each comprising an adsorption bed. The method includes the steps of: i) obtaining process data from one or more sensors at a predetermined time resolution, the sensors at least comprising at least one moisture sensor at a specified location in each of the dehydration units; ii) dehydrating the feed stream by operating the adsorption-based system in regenerative mode, wherein at least one active unit of the at least two dehydration units is in an adsorption cycle, and wherein at least another one of the at least two dehydration units is being regenerated; iii) estimating an adsorption bed water adsorption capacity during every adsorption cycle; and iv) using the process data to update the estimated adsorption bed water adsorption capacity.

A method for removing ammonia (NH.sub.3) from a gas produced in a pulp mill (100). The method comprises producing raw non-condensable gas comprising ammonia (NH.sub.3) in the pulp mill (100) and transferring at least some of the raw non-condensable gas to a scrubber (200) containing aqueous scrubbing solution (130, 140). The method comprises adding a compound capable of decreasing a pH of the scrubbing solution to the scmbbing solution (130, 140) and in the scrubber (200), contacting the raw non-condensable gas with the scmbbing solution (130, 140), to react the ammonia (NH.sub.3) of the raw non-condensable gas with the scmbbing solution to produce clean non-condensable gas and ammonium (NH.sub.4.sup.+). A pulp mill comprising equipment for performing the method.

Compositions with supramolecular structures for use in oil and gas production and other applications include an H.sub.2S scavenger, a supramolecular host chemical or a supramolecular guest chemical configured to engage in host-guest chemistry with the scavenger, and a solvent. Methods of controlling H.sub.2S at a production site include applying an effective amount of the composition to the production stream.

Membranes, methods of making the membranes, and methods of using the membranes are described herein. The membrane can include a support layer, and a selective polymer layer disposed on the support layer. The selective polymer layer can include a selective polymer matrix (e.g., hydrophilic polymer, a cross-linking agent, an amino compound, a CO.sub.2-philic ether, or a combination thereof), and optionally graphene oxide dispersed within the selective polymer matrix. The membranes can be used to separate carbon dioxide from hydrogen. Also provided are methods of purifying syngas using the membranes described herein.

Provided herein are gas permeable membranes comprising an amine-containing selective layer on top of a gas permeable polymer support as well as methods of making and using thereof. The membranes are useful for the separation of CO.sub.2 from N.sub.2-containing gases.

A system and method for treating natural gas, including producing natural gas from a subterranean formation via a wellhead system to a nonthermal plasma (NTP) catalytic unit, converting by the NTP unit carbon dioxide (CO.sub.2) and hydrogen sulfide (H.sub.2S) in the natural gas into carbon monoxide (CO), elemental sulfur (S), and hydrogen (H.sub.2), and removing the elemental sulfur as liquid elemental sulfur to give treated natural gas. The NTP unit may convert methane (CH.sub.4) in the natural gas to heavier hydrocarbons.

A method for removing sulfur-based gases from a gas stream comprises contacting a sulfur containing gas stream under dynamic flow conditions with granular activated carbon (GAC) to adsorb substantially all sulfur-containing gas from the gas stream. The granular activated carbon (GAC) can be derived from date palm pits.