A method for binding hazardous agricultural ammonia using organic carbon dioxide reduces ammonia emissions from farming operations producing livestock, such as cows, pigs, and poultry. The method entraps a quantity of agricultural ammonia within an ammonia solution by reacting the quantity of agricultural ammonia with a quantity of organic carbon dioxide within a primary reaction vessel. The quantity of agricultural ammonia is mixed with a quantity of organic carbon dioxide to form an ammonia-bound solution. The ammonia-bound solution is able to be stored or transported for use in future chemical processes.

An exhaust system for the treatment of an exhaust gas comprising a species to be treated, the system comprising: a first gas inlet for providing a flow of exhaust gas; a second gas inlet for providing a flow of heated gas; a plurality of sorbent beds for releasably storing the species; one or more catalysts for decomposing the species; first and second exhaust gas outlets; and a valve system configured to establish independently for each sorbent bed fluid communication in a first or second configuration, wherein: i) in the first configuration the flow of the exhaust gas from the first gas inlet contacts a sorbent bed for storing the species and then passes to the first gas outlet; and ii) in the second configuration the flow of heated gas from the second gas inlet contacts a sorbent bed for releasing the species, passes to one of the one or more catalysts and then passes to the second exhaust gas outlet; wherein the valve system is configured to ensure that at least one sorbent bed is in the first configuration and, preferably at least one other sorbent bed is in the second configuration.

A washing treatment system includes an odor and flue gas washing tower, a biological deodorization filtering tower, a multifunctional biomass combustion boiler, a liquid fermentation reactor, a solid fermentation reactor, circulating pumps, an exhaust fan and an induced draft fan. An exhaust port is formed in a top end cover of the odor and flue gas washing tower. A liquid inlet, an air inlet and a liquid drainage port are formed in a side wall of a tank body. A hanging basket is placed in the tank body. Organic fillers and/or inorganic fillers are placed in the hanging basket. An inner cavity of the washing tower is divided into a liquid inlet shunting cavity, a filler layer, an air cavity and a liquid accumulation cavity from top to bottom. An upper supernatant in the liquid fermentation reactor is connected with the liquid inlet for washing.

Methods of producing a treated gas by removing nitrogenous compounds are disclosed. Methods of recovering ammonia from a gas stream having nitrogenous compounds are disclosed. Methods of producing a fertilizer product from organic waste are disclosed. The methods may include introducing aqueous sulfurous acid into a gas stream having nitrogenous compounds to absorb the nitrogenous compounds in a liquid and produce a treated gas. The methods may also include maintaining the pH of certain solutions above 5 or introducing an oxidant into certain solutions to produce sulfate ions. Systems for removing nitrogenous compounds including a reaction subsystem, a solids-liquid separator, a temperature control subsystem, an oxidation control subsystem, and a recirculation line are also disclosed. The systems may be employed to remove nitrogenous compounds from a gas stream, recover the ammonia from the gas stream, or produce a fertilizer product from the recovered ammonia.

A compound of the general formula (I) ##STR00001##
in which R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are independently selected from C.sub.1-4-alkyl and C.sub.1-4-hydroxyalkyl; each R.sub.4 is independently selected from hydrogen, C.sub.1-4-alkyl and C.sub.1-4-hydroxyalkyl; each R.sub.5 is independently selected from hydrogen, C.sub.1-4-alkyl and C.sub.1-4-hydroxyalkyl; m is 2, 3, 4 or 5; n is 2, 3, 4 or 5; and o is an integer from 0 to 10. A preferred compound of the formula (I) is 2-(2-tert-butylaminoethoxy)ethylamine. Absorbents comprising a compound of the formula (I) have rapid absorption of carbon dioxide from fluid streams and are also suitable for processes for the simultaneous removal of H.sub.2S and CO.sub.2, where given H.sub.2S limits have to be observed but complete removal of CO.sub.2 is not required.

Provided is a method for removing hydrogen sulfide from a gas stream. The method includes contacting the gas stream with a reactor that is configured to remove the hydrogen sulfide. The reactor includes at least one nano-sized metal.

Process for catalytic oxidative removal of at least one oxidisable gaseous compound from a gas mixture comprising the at least one oxidisable gaseous compound as well as oxygen through the use of an oxidation catalyst, whereby the gas mixture is not a combustion flue gas, characterised in that the oxidation catalyst was produced through the use of at least one exothermic-decomposing platinum precursor.

The present invention describes methods for absorbing a targeted chemical compound from a gas stream into a scrubbing solution for various uses and with various benefits. Methods are described to produce a gas stream that can be further processed with operational benefits, such as through condensing and wastewater treatment with a lower load on the wastewater treatment system. Methods are described for adsorbing the targeted compound with reduced condensation of water from the gas stream. Methods are described for producing a liquid stream comprising an absorbed form of the targeted compound for use as a saleable product, such as adsorbing ammonia for the production of a fertilizer, wherein the concentration of the absorbed form may be increased through reduced condensation from the gas stream. Methods are described for producing a lower volume liquid waste stream from the absorption process through the use of reduced condensation of the gas stream.

Methods of producing a treated gas by removing nitrogenous compounds are disclosed. Methods of recovering nitrogenous compounds from a gas stream are disclosed. Methods of producing a fertilizer product from organic waste are disclosed. The methods may include introducing a gas stream having nitrogenous compounds into a nitrogenous liquid containing a salt of ammonia to absorb the nitrogenous compounds in the liquid and produce a treated gas. The methods may also include controlling the pH of certain solutions or introducing an oxidant into certain solutions to produce nitrogen ions. Systems for removing nitrogenous compounds including a reaction subsystem, an oxidation control subsystem, a dissolved solids concentrator, and a recirculation line are also disclosed. The systems may be employed to remove nitrogenous compounds from a gas stream, recover the nitrogenous compounds from the gas stream, or produce a fertilizer product from the recovered nitrogenous compounds.

The present invention is directed to a process for removing nitrogen-based compounds in a gas stream by absorbing at least a portion of one of those compounds into a liquid stream. The absorbed nitrogen-based compound in the liquid stream is then reacted with a liquid phase chemical compound to produce a nitrogen-based product. The nitrogen-based compound in the gas stream and the liquid phase chemical compound with which the absorbed nitrogen-based compound is reacted may be organic compounds, i.e. compounds derived from living organisms, such as from animal matter or plant or vegetable matter, or having animal or plant origins. The nitrogen-based compound in the gas stream may be ammonia. The liquid phase chemical compound may be organic acetic acid or organic citric acid, and the nitrogen-based product may be an organic fertilizer, such as organic ammonium acetate or organic ammonium citrate that may be certified as organic.