Methods and systems are provided for diagnosing degradation and/or alteration in an evaporative emission control system of a vehicle. In one example, a method may include, during a refueling, monitoring a fuel tank pressure and a fuel fill level, and detecting a presence or an absence of a fuel vapor canister of the EVAP system based on a change in fuel tank pressure with an increase in fuel level.

In order to prevent injury from hot exhaust gas, water is condensed by a metal net in the exhaust pipe.

Methods and systems are provided for diagnosing degradation and/or alteration in an evaporative emission control system of a vehicle. In one example, a method may include, during a refueling, monitoring a fuel tank pressure and a fuel fill level, and detecting a presence or an absence of a fuel vapor canister of the EVAP system based on a change in fuel tank pressure with an increase in fuel level.

An air purification apparatus includes an adsorption unit, a purification passage, and a regeneration passage. The adsorption unit adsorbs carbon dioxide and water vapor in air. The purification passage introduces air in a passenger compartment into the adsorption unit, and returns air, from which the carbon dioxide and the water vapor are adsorbed and removed by the adsorption unit, into the passenger compartment. The regeneration passage introduces air for regeneration into the adsorption unit, and discharges used air for regeneration obtained by regenerating the adsorption unit to an outside of the vehicle. An upstream side of the adsorption unit of the regeneration passage and the purification passage is constituted by an internal air introduction pipeline configured to introduce air from the passenger compartment.

A siloxane mitigation system for a machine system having an internal combustion engine includes a siloxane trap having a plurality of adsorbent cartridges fluidly in parallel with one another, an air precleaner fluidly connected to a trap housing inlet, and a blower structured to blow intake air to the siloxane trap to compensate for a pressure drop across the siloxane trap. A trap performance sensor of the siloxane mitigation system is structured for monitoring an exhaust pressure to indicate performance degradation of the siloxane mitigation system and activate an operator-perceptible alert.

Adapters, devices, and methods are provided that permit catalytic monolith modules to be used in catalytic converter systems designed for fixed bed catalysts using granular catalysts. The adapter provides air flow straightening upstream from the catalytic monoliths, mitigating non-uniform flow into the catalytic monoliths. The adapter is reusable, allowing simple replacement of spent catalytic monolith modules.

An air separation module includes a canister extending between a first end and an opposite second end, a separator fixed within the canister to separate a compressed air flow into an oxygen-enriched air flow fraction and an oxygen-depleted air flow fraction, and a one-piece cap. The one-piece cap is connected to the first end of the canister and has a filter module mount portion on a side of the one-piece cap opposite the separator to support a filter module with the air separation module. Nitrogen generation systems and methods of making air separation modules are also described.

Disclosed are embodiments of a cabin filter system including a sorbent material for removing gas and/or water from a cabin. The filter system also includes at least one heater configured to transmit thermal energy (e.g., microwave energy) to the sorbent material. Also disclosed are methods of using such filter systems.

A system includes a plurality of carbon dioxide sensors each located in one of a plurality of spaces in a building and a plurality of air purification systems each located in one of the plurality of spaces and each including a UVC light source arranged within an internal space of a purification chamber and adapted to irradiate the internal space with UVC, an airflow system arranged to introduce environmental air from outside of the air purification system into the internal space of the purification chamber and expel purified air from the purification chamber back outside of the air purification system wherein each of the plurality of air purification systems is operable to purify air in response to an indication that an associated carbon dioxide sensor has sensed a level of carbon dioxide in excess of a predetermined threshold.

A segmented, heated urea mixer and an exhaust system to control NOx emission from combustion engines comprising a plurality of elements, at least one mixing element independently heatable by an external power source to a temperature above a temperature of another element. A method of using the exhaust gas mixer and an exhaust gas mixer system further comprising a controller is also disclosed.