A method of filtering contaminants from a fluid is disclosed. A feedstream of fluid containing contaminants is directed into a filter chamber containing a filter element. Part of the feedstream fluid flows in one of: a forward flow direction where it passes in a first direction through a wall of the filter element; and a reverse flow direction where it passes in a second, opposite direction through the wall. The filtrate is directed into a flowline for collection. The feedstream fluid is then arranged to flow through the filter element in the other direction, to remove contaminant material from a surface of the element wall. Following removal of contaminant material, the feedstream fluid is continued to be directed through the wall of the filter element in said other direction, to filter out contaminants from the fluid during flow in said other direction.

A reverse osmosis system and method of operating the same includes a membrane housing comprising a reverse osmosis membrane therein. The membrane housing has a feed fluid input, a brine outlet and a permeate outlet; The system further includes a charge pump, a plurality of valves and a tank having a volume comprising a movable partition dividing the volume into a first volume and a second volume. The plurality of valves selectively couples the charge pump to the first volume or the second volume and the brine outlet to the second volume or the first volume respectively.

A reverse osmosis system and method of operating the same includes a membrane housing comprising a reverse osmosis membrane therein. The membrane housing has a feed fluid input, a brine outlet and a permeate outlet; The system further includes a charge pump, a plurality of valves and a tank having a volume comprising a movable partition dividing the volume into a first volume and a second volume. The plurality of valves selectively couples the charge pump to the first volume or the second volume and the brine outlet to the second volume or the first volume respectively.

A reverse osmosis system and method of operating the same includes a membrane housing comprising a reverse osmosis membrane therein. The membrane housing has a feed fluid input, a brine outlet and a permeate outlet; The system further includes a charge pump, a plurality of valves and a tank having a volume comprising a movable partition dividing the volume into a first volume and a second volume. The plurality of valves selectively couples the charge pump to the first volume or the second volume and the brine outlet to the second volume or the first volume respectively.

A reverse osmosis system and method of operating the same includes a membrane housing comprising a reverse osmosis membrane therein. The membrane housing has a feed fluid input, a brine outlet and a permeate outlet; The system further includes a charge pump, a plurality of valves and a tank having a volume comprising a movable partition dividing the volume into a first volume and a second volume. The plurality of valves selectively couples the charge pump to the first volume or the second volume and the brine outlet to the second volume or the first volume respectively.

A conditioning system for a filter module is disclosed. The conditioning system may generally include an inlet, a heat exchanger, a magnetically levitated pump, a channel provided to bypass the heat exchanger, a controller, an outlet, and a base. The system may have components lined with corrosion-resistant materials. A method of conditioning a filter module is also disclosed. The method may generally include measuring TOC in a source of ultrapure water, heating the ultrapure water, rinsing a filter module with the heated water, flushing the filter module with ambient temperature water, and repeating the rinsing with heated water and flushing with ambient temperature water. A method of facilitating conditioning of the filter module is also disclosed. The method may generally include providing a portable filter module conditioning system and providing instructions for installation or use.

Provided is a controller for an energy generation system, the controller exerting optimum control so that, while a waste of energy is eliminated, any operation trouble is not caused. The controller for the energy generation system of the present invention is a controller for an energy generation system that uses a forward osmosis membrane, the controller including: a first regulation unit for regulating the discharge of non-permeating water from the forward osmosis membrane; a second regulation unit for regulating the supply of fresh water to the forward osmosis membrane; a third regulation unit for regulating the supply of salt water to the forward osmosis membrane; a fourth regulation unit for regulating the discharge of mixed water from the forward osmosis membrane; and a control unit for controlling the first regulation unit, the second regulation unit, the third regulation unit, and the fourth regulation unit.

A water quality monitoring device (111) determines the speed of a wave passing through water present upstream of a reverse osmosis membrane (109). A process for reducing the concentration of organic matter in water present upstream of the reverse osmosis membrane is performed when the determined speed is greater than a predetermined threshold speed.

Device for removing substances from blood and other fluids such as water, wastewater, chemicals and other biofluids, includes i) an electrocatalytic decomposition filter including a DC power source, a set of electrodes with a catalytic surface or in direct contact with sorbents offering catalytic activity, ii) an electrosorption filter including a DC power source, a set of electrodes, nanostructured sorption material and/or a porous polymer matrix, iii) an inlet for entry of blood or blood plasma or dialysate fluid into the device, iv) an outlet for the removal of purified blood, blood plasma, ultrafiltrate or dialysate fluid from the device, and v) a conduit connecting the inlet with the outlet and holding the electrosorption filter such that the blood, blood plasma, ultrafiltrate or dialysate fluid is forced through the electrosorption and electrocatalytic decomposition filter, and vi) a sensor and control system to safeguard the device from producing oxidative stress.

A method and apparatus for treating a water including suspended solids and organics, the method including the method including providing a process stream including suspended solids and organics; adding a predetermined amount of at least one coagulant including at least one of a cationic polymer and nonionic polymer to the process stream to cause coagulation of contaminants including suspended solids and organics; passing the process stream with the coagulant downstream to at least one submicron filtration unit including at least one filter configured to filter particle sizes of about 1 micron or less; filtering the process stream with the at least one submicron filtration unit; and, separating a filtered and unfiltered portion of the process stream from the at least one submicron filtration unit to pass downstream respectively in a filtered and an unfiltered process stream.