A filtration system includes at least one spiral wound first filter section in fluid communication with at least one spiral wound second filter section. The first and second filter sections include: (i) a filtration membrane; (ii) a feed spacer located adjacent the filtration membrane and defining a feed flow channel; and (iii) a permeate spacer located adjacent the filtration membrane and defining a permeate flow channel. A thickness of the feed flow channel in the first filter section is different than a thickness of the feed flow channel in the second filter section, and/or an effective volume of the first filter section is different than an effective volume of the second filter section. A method of filtering a feed flow is also disclosed.

A membrane module comprising a cylindrical housing containing a plurality of flat sheet membranes oriented parallel with a longitudinal central axis of the housing, the edges of the one or more flat sheet membranes being embedded in a potting material.

Provided is a water-treatment filter module, an apparatus and a method for manufacturing a helical strand for a water-treatment filter module, and a method for manufacturing a spacer. Also provided is a water-treatment filter module comprising a membrane for filtering raw water, and a spacer laminated to the membrane and providing a plurality of passages for passing the raw water through to the membrane, wherein the spacer includes a first member extending in a first direction and a second member extending in a second direction that is different from the first direction and disposed so as to form spacer cells by intersecting with the first member, and at least one of the first member and the second member is wound in a spiral shape having a predetermined pitch of a predetermined radius around a central axis.

The proposed prefabricated filtration module is provided for a modular filtration system, in particular a cross-flow filtration system, for low-volume screening applications. The prefabricated filtration module includes fluid ports and a plurality of components adjusted to low-volume screening applications, which are firmly integrated into the filtration module. The entire filtration module is designed as a single-use filtration module.

A spiral-wound type gas separation membrane element includes a central tube and a laminate wound around the central tube. Laminate includes at least one structure where a feed-side flow path member, a gas separation membrane, and a permeate-side flow path member are superimposed in this order. Permeate-side flow path member has a thickness of 400 μm to 1300 μm. Gas separation membrane is a membrane where a hydrophilic resin composition layer, a porous layer, and a permeate-side surface layer are superimposed in this order. Permeate-side surface layer faces Permeate-side flow path member and has a Young's modulus of 20 MPa to 400 MPa.

Embodiments of the present invention provide elements that are beneficial for use in fluid filtration. Embodiments provide elements that have variable feed spacer height, variable permeate spacer height, or both. The variable height allows flow properties to be matched to fluid volume as the filtration occurs.

Embodiments of the present invention provide for the deposition of spacing elements for spiral wound elements that prevent nesting of adjacent spacer layers and occlusion of feed space during element rolling.

A system for producing steam includes a source of superheated water with superheated water output; a membrane filtration system in fluid communication with the superheated water output and including a membrane filter with a permeate side and an opposing retentate side. The membrane filter includes a separation membrane constructed to reject organic molecules. The system may be used for removing organic compounds, such as anti-corrosion agents or contaminants, from superheated water to produce steam. A method for producing steam includes directing a cross-flow of heated pressurized water including a first concentration of an organic compound across a membrane filter. The membrane filter includes a separation membrane constructed to reject the organic compound; and one or more support layers adjacent the separation membrane. A steam permeate including a second concentration of the organic compound is collected, where the second concentration is lower than the first.

A filter element comprises a membrane layer; and a feed spacer on the membrane layer, wherein the feed spacer comprises a plurality of unit cells arranged in three dimensions, wherein each of the plurality of unit cells comprises a cavity defined by a triply periodic minimal surface, and wherein the cavities of the plurality of unit cells are interconnected to allow a fluid to pass through the cavities of the plurality of unit cells.

A particle separation multi-membrane matrix device and method are provided. The particles isolated may comprise nano-scale particles, such extracellular membrane vesicles, having a size of about 50 to about 150 nm. The vesicles are released by many different cell types, and may be efficiently isolated at high yield and purity according to the present methods from various body fluids (e.g., blood, saliva, breast milk, serum, plasma, ascites fluid, etc.). Such isolated exosome preparations may include biomarkers, such as disease biomarkers (diagnostic markers) for various disease (early stage and late stage cancers, neurological disorders (Parkinson disease, Alzheimer disease), diabetes, pancreatic diseases, renal failure, infectious diseases (HIV, tuberculosis, malaria, hepatitis)). The present methods and devices may be used to detect and monitor animals (human, livestock, companion animal) for infectious diseases, such as tuberculosis and other diseases. The methods and devices require minimal sample material (10 μl), are rapid, economical, yield highly enriched small molecule (eg, exosomes) preparations, and do not require electricity.