Excess water can be removed from blood by passing the blood through channels that are surrounded by nanotubes with spaces therebetween. Each channel is wide enough for blood to flow through, and the nanotubes are spaced close enough to each other to retain the blood within the channels. Gas passing through the spaces between the nanotubes outside the channels comes into contact with the blood at the outer boundaries of the channels, and the excess water in the blood evaporates into the gas. In other embodiments, an undesirable molecule (e.g., ammonia) can be removed from blood by passing the blood through channels that are surrounded by nanotubes with spaces therebetween. Gas passing through the spaces between the nanotubes outside the channels comes into contact with the blood at the outer boundaries of the channels, and the undesirable molecule in the blood diffuses into the gas.

A molecule can be removed from blood by passing the blood through channels that are surrounded by nanotubes with spaces therebetween. Each channel is wide enough for blood to flow through, and the nanotubes are spaced close enough to each other to retain the blood within the channels. Gas passing through the spaces between the nanotubes outside the channels comes into contact with the blood at the outer boundaries of the channels, and the molecule in the blood diffuses into the gas. In other embodiments, a molecule can be introduced into blood by passing the blood through channels that are surrounded by nanotubes with spaces therebetween. Gas that includes the molecule passes through the spaces between the nanotubes outside the channels. The gas comes into contact with the blood at the outer boundaries of the channels, and the molecule in the gas diffuses into the blood.

The present disclosure relates to a filtration device comprising a plurality of hollow fiber membranes, a process for its production, and its use for the dead-end filtration of infusion liquids.

The present invention addresses the problem of providing a separating membrane mainly comprising a thermoplastic resin having high permeability. The present invention relates to a separating membrane including a thermoplastic resin, wherein the width of voids in the separating membrane is at least equal to 1 nm and at most equal to 1000 nm, and the curvature rate of the voids is at least equal to 1.0 and at most equal to 6.0.

In one exemplary embodiment of the present invention, there are provided a method of hydrophilizing a porous membrane which includes treating a porous membrane with plasma in the presence of a mixed gas containing sulfur dioxide (SO.sub.2) and oxygen (O.sub.2), and a method of preparing an ion-exchange membrane using the same.

A device for exchange of water molecule and temperature between two fluids. The device comprises thin molecular sieve membrane sheets that allow water molecules to permeate through while blocking cross-over of the exchanging fluids. The device provides two sets of flow channels having a hydraulic diameter ranged from 0.5 to 2.0 mm for respective process and sweep fluid flows. The two sets of the channels are separated by a membrane sheet having a thickness less than 200 m. The thin molecule sieve membrane may be prepared by forming an ultra-thin zeolite membrane layer on a porous metal-based support sheet which provides very high water permeance so that the exchange can be conducted in a compact membrane module at high throughput. The device can be used to remove water from a process stream of higher water content by use of a sweep fluid of lower water content or higher water affinity. For example, the device can be used to condition outdoor fresh air close to the temperature and humidity of indoor air by conducting humidity and heat exchange between the fresh air flow drawn from outdoors and waste air discharged indoors.

A filtering device is for obtaining a chemical liquid by purifying a liquid to be purified, and the filtering device has an inlet portion, an outlet portion, a filter A, at least one filter B different from the filter A, and a flow path which includes the filter A and the filter B arranged in series and extends from the inlet portion to the outlet portion, in which the filter A is a porous membrane containing a polyimide-based resin.

Provided herein is a gas exchange composite membrane and methods of making the same. The gas exchange composite membrane may find use in a method of exchanging gas with blood in a subject in need of blood oxygenation support, which method is also disclosed. Also provided herein are systems and kits that find use in performing the methods of exchanging gas with blood.

A thermo-electrochemical reactive capture apparatus includes an anode and a cathode, wherein the anode includes a first catalyst, wherein the cathode includes a second catalyst, a porous ceramic support positioned between the anode and the cathode, an electrolyte mixture in pores of the ceramic support, and a steam flow system on an outer side of the cathode. The outer side of the cathode is opposite an inner side of the cathode and the inner side of the cathode is adjacent to the ceramic support. In addition, the electrolyte mixture is configured to be molten at a temperature below about 600? C.

A distillation apparatus having a hot liquid block, a thermoelectric module (TEM), a condensation surface, a feed liquid chamber having a feed chamber inlet, a feed chamber outlet, and a membrane disposed on at least one side of the feed liquid chamber. One side of the membrane faces to the condensation surface. An air gap of 1 mm to 20 cm separates the condensation surface and the membrane. A permeate outlet in fluid communication with the air gap. A heating unit in fluid communication with the feed liquid chamber and the hot liquid block. A cooling unit in fluid communication with the permeate outlet. A multi-stage distillation apparatus with a plurality of distillation apparatuses. A process of distilling water, by feeding a liquid into the distillation apparatus through the hot block inlet and collecting distilled water from the permeate outlet.