A main extruder and a side arm extruder are used in the extrusion of plastics with small amounts of additives or other small substances to be admixed. A minor portion of the plastic material is premixed with small quantity additive substances in a side arm extruder. The premixed material is discharged from the side arm extruder into the main extruder and there mixed with a major portion of feed material.

The invention provides a method for producing prion protein having an aggregated conformation by contacting native conformation prion protein with aggregated conformation prion protein in a liquid preparation and subjecting this to at least one cycle or to a number of cycles of application of shear-force for fragmenting aggregates of prion protein, wherein the shear-force applied is precisely controlled. In addition to this process for amplification of aggregated state prion protein from native conformation prion protein, the invention relates to the aggregated state prion protein obtained by the amplification process, which aggregated state prion protein has one conformation, which is e.g. identical within one batch and reproducible between batches, e.g. as detectable by proteinase resistance in a Western blot.

Disclosed is a fine bubble water generator including: a housing being configured with an inflow line on one end thereof where air and fluid enters and a discharge line on an opposite end where fine bubble water is discharged; a partition allowing the air and fluid entered into the inflow line to flow in zigzags inside the housing; and a fine bubble water generation cylinder unit, being inserted into a space formed by the partition, allowing the air and fluid to be induced to collide with a surface thereof having bumps formed thereon and on an inner circumferential surface of the housing or the partition, thereby refining air bubbles and fluid by frictional force caused by a flat surface and the partition.

A kneading state determination system includes a kneading unit and a determination unit. The kneading unit kneads a kneading material, and transmits a kneading state value indicating a kneading state to the determination unit. Based on the kneading state value transmitted from the kneading unit, the determination unit determines kneading of the kneading material in the kneading unit in accordance with a preset determination condition. The determination condition includes a determination period and a state value range. The state value range is set as a range for the kneading state value. The determination period is a partial period of a period from start to completion of the kneading in the kneading unit.

A reaction apparatus includes a hollow chamber with a stirring shaft. The chamber is maintained at a predetermined pressure and accepts at least two reactants from two storage tanks. The stirring shaft rotates around an axis and creates a reaction product. Taylor vortexes are created while the pressure minimizes the volume possession of the gas phase. The reaction product of micron and sub-micron particles is removed from the chamber and depressurized.

A device for generating controlled formation and collapse of cavitation bubbles in a fluid. The device includes a rotor having a plurality of bore holes and a stator having a plurality of bore holes. Fluid flows into the device and passes through a space between the stator and rotor to expose the fluid to the bore holes of each component. The rotor can be rotated relative to the stator to pass the rotor bore holes across the openings of the stator bore holes to generate and collapse cavitation bubbles in the stator bore holes. The rotor bore holes may have the same diameter as the stator bore holes and the rotor bore holes preferably have depth equal to or less than the depth of the stator bore holes.

A reaction of a fluid in a reaction chamber is satisfactorily performed.

A fluid control method includes: generating, in a reaction chamber (84) formed between an outer cylinder (61) and an inner cylinder (70) coaxially disposed in the outer cylinder (61), a reaction phase (30) having a ring shape and formed of a reaction target fluid (F1, F2) in which a Taylor vortex (V1) is generated, the reaction phases (30) arranged in an axis (R) direction, and an inhibiting phase (31) having a ring shape that is adjacent to the reaction phase (30) in the axis (R) direction and inhibits the reaction target fluid (F1, F2) in the reaction phase (30) from flowing out to an outside of the reaction phase (30).

A reaction of a fluid in a reaction chamber is satisfactorily performed.

A fluid control method includes: generating, in a reaction chamber (84) formed between an outer cylinder (61) and an inner cylinder (70) coaxially disposed in the outer cylinder (61), a reaction phase (30) having a ring shape and formed of a reaction target fluid (F1, F2) in which a Taylor vortex (V1) is generated, the reaction phases (30) arranged in an axis (R) direction, and an inhibiting phase (31) having a ring shape that is adjacent to the reaction phase (30) in the axis (R) direction and inhibits the reaction target fluid (F1, F2) in the reaction phase (30) from flowing out to an outside of the reaction phase (30).

A device for preparing a lithium composite transition metal oxide includes first and second mixers continuously arranged in a direction in which a fluid proceeds, wherein the first mixer has a closed structure including a hollow fixed cylinder, a rotating cylinder having the same axis as that of the hollow fixed cylinder and having an outer diameter that is smaller than an inner diameter of the fixed cylinder, an electric motor to generate power for rotation of the rotating cylinder, a rotation reaction space, as a separation space between the hollow fixed cylinder and the rotating cylinder, in which ring-shaped vortex pairs periodically arranged along a rotating shaft and rotating in opposite directions are formed, first inlets through which raw materials are introduced into the rotation reaction space, and a first outlet to discharge a reaction fluid formed from the rotation reaction space.

A kneading state determination system includes a kneading unit and a determination unit. The kneading unit kneads a kneading material, and transmits a kneading state value indicating a kneading state to the determination unit. Based on the kneading state value transmitted from the kneading unit, the determination unit determines kneading of the kneading material in the kneading unit in accordance with a preset determination condition. The determination condition includes a determination period and a state value range. The state value range is set as a range for the kneading state value. The determination period is a partial period of a period from start to completion of the kneading in the kneading unit.