In an aspect, the present disclosure provides a method for the oxidative coupling of methane to generate hydrocarbon compounds containing at least two carbon atoms (C.sub.2+ compounds). The method can include mixing a first gas stream comprising methane with a second gas stream comprising oxygen to form a third gas stream comprising methane and oxygen and performing an oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) reaction using the third gas stream to produce a product stream comprising one or more C.sub.2+ compounds.

The present invention relates to different liquid distributors for monolith in multiphase applications. The present invention more particularly relates to distributor devices in the form of a single injection and multiple injection pipe distributors; shower head distributor comprising a plurality of holes for plunging liquid; a packing of spherical particles with a pre-distributor to split the liquid into manifold streams, before entry into the monolith bed. The present invention provides liquid distributors for monolith in multiphase applications providing improved liquid distribution into the monolith bed resulting in uniform fluid flow in each channel so as to make maximum use of the catalyst surface area.

A fluidized bed reactor for producing para-xylene and co-producing light olefins from benzene and methanol and/or dimethyl ether, including a first distributor and a second distributor. The first distributor is located at the bottom of the fluidized bed, and the second distributor is located at the downstream of the first distributor along a gas flow direction. Also, a method for producing para-xylene and co-producing light olefins, including the following steps: a material stream A enters a reaction zone of the fluidized bed reactor from the first gas distributor; a material stream B enters the reaction zone of the fluidized bed reactor from the second gas distributor; a reactant contacts a catalyst in the reaction zone to generate a gas phase stream comprising para-xylene and light olefins.

The invention provides a method and system for extracting stranded gas (such as natural gas or hydrogen) or a mixture of oil and natural gas from a subterranean environment such as beneath the ocean floor and converting it into a solid hydrate such as a clathrate featuring a) extracting stranded gas (such as natural gas or hydrogen) or a mixture of oil and natural gas; b) optionally separating the natural gas from the mixture of oil and natural gas in a first tank or vessel; c) transporting the stranded gas to a second tank or vessel; d) introducing sea water into the second tank or vessel; e) mixing the stranded gas and water to form a clathrate hydrate/water slurry; f) removing excess water from the clathrate hydrate slurry to form a solid comprising a clathrate hydrate; and g) processing the solid comprising a clathrate hydrate into a transportable form; and h) optionally collecting the gas into a transportable vessel.

A method for uniformly distributing a process liquid within a process vessel includes providing a process liquid to a fouling-resistant liquid distributor installed within a process vessel having a cross-sectional area; causing rotational movement of the fouling-resistant liquid distributor; uniformly distributing the process liquid over the cross-sectional area within the process vessel; and simultaneously self-rinsing the fouling-resistant liquid distributor with a portion of the process liquid during uniform distribution. A system is also disclosed which includes a supply of process fluid, a stationary conduit and a liquid distribution head attached to the conduit. The liquid distribution head is motive, powered by a fluid, and includes at least one process liquid delivery port. The at least one process liquid delivery port is configured to provide a +10 or greater angle of liquid coverage when the liquid distribution head is moving.

A hydrogenation method for increasing the yield of cyclohexane-1,4-dicarboxylic acid diisooctyl ester is provided. The hydrogenation method uses a hydrogenating reaction tank, which is equipped with a hollow-shaft gas-introducing mixer having air-extracting, air-exhausting and mixing functions, to allow hydrogen gas to be uniformly dispersed in a reaction solution. A ruthenium-on-alumina (Ru/Al.sub.2O.sub.3) hydrogenation catalyst can be used for carrying out a hydrogenation reaction under gentle conditions. Therefore, the hydrogenation catalyst can be used in a reduced amount, the risk of side reaction(s) can be reduced, and the yield of cyclohexane-1,4-dicarboxylic acid diisooctyl ester can reach at least 99% with a cis isomer proportion of at least 85.0%. The hydrogenation method shows extremely high economic benefit.

The disclosure is directed to the use of an upflow reactor for producing a dihydroxy compound, to a method for producing a dihydroxy compound, and to a method for manufacturing polycarbonate. The upflow reactor for producing a dihydroxy compound of the disclosure comprises: a vessel; a catalyst bed disposed in said vessel; a distributor in fluid communication with an inlet through which reactants are introduced to said distributor, said distributor being disposed at a lower end of said vessel and comprising distributor perforation(s) disposed in said distributor, at least part of which distributor perforations are in a direction facing away from said catalyst bed; and a collector through which said product dihydroxy compound is removed, said collector being disposed at an upper end of said vessel.

The present invention relates to a hydrocracking reactor system and a process utilizing the same for upgrading heavy hydrocarbonaceous material to value-added products. Accordingly, an aspect of the present invention includes dispersing a liquid feedstock pre-mixed with a catalyst from top of a reactor vessel to obtain dispersed droplets having a predetermined droplet size less than 500 m, introducing a gaseous feed comprising primarily of hydrogen from bottom of the reactor vessel to form a continuous gaseous phase throughout a cross-section of the reactor vessel, and allowing the dispersed droplets to contact the continuous gaseous phase throughout the cross-section of the reactor vessel to form reaction effluent comprising one or more lighter product hydrocarbons. The method may further include removing at least a top portion and at least a bottom portion of the reaction effluent from the reactor vessel.

In one aspect, a hydroformylation reaction process comprises contacting an olefin, hydrogen, and CO in the presence of a homogeneous catalyst in a cylindrical reactor to provide a reaction fluid, wherein the reactor has a fixed height, and wherein a total mixing energy of at least 0.5 kW/m3 is delivered to the fluid in the reactor; removing a portion of the reaction fluid from the reactor; and returning at least a portion of the removed reaction fluid to the reactor, wherein the returning reaction fluid is introduced in at least two return locations positioned at a height that is less than 80% of the fixed height, wherein the at least two return locations are positioned above a location in the reactor where hydrogen and carbon monoxide are introduced to the reactor, and wherein at least 15% of the mixing energy is provided by the returning reaction fluid.

A fluid disperser includes a plate body installed in a channel, having a first wall portion in a middle region of a first surface facing the upstream side, and provided with a plurality of holes allowing a fluid to flow in from the upstream side to the downstream side, and a second wall portion provided on the first surface and having an inner surface intersecting with a line extending from the middle region to a circumferential edge of the first surface.