The present invention relates to a process for polymerizing olefin monomer(s) in a gas solids olefin polymerization reactor wherein the fluidization gas is split and returned to the reactor into the bottom zone of the reactor and directly into the dense phase formed by particles of a polymer of the olefin monomer(s) suspended in an upwards flowing stream of the fluidization gas in the middle zone of the reactor.

An object of the present invention is to prevent stress-corrosion cracking of a header (40) of a reactor. A reactor for producing trichlorosilane by causing metal silicon powder and a hydrogen chloride gas to react with each other includes a cooler (70), the cooler including a plurality of heat transfer medium pipes (30) and a header (40), the plurality of heat transfer medium pipes being provided in a fluid bed (60) inside the reactor, the header being provided in a freeboard section (50) inside the reactor, the header being comprised of a corrosion-resistant material.

Provided is a fluidized bed reactor (1) that makes it possible to stably measure a temperature distribution in the fluidized bed reactor (1) while no damage is caused to a temperature measuring section. Provided is a fluidized bed reactor (1) configured to generate trichlorosilane by reacting metallurgical grade silicon powder and hydrogen chloride gas, the fluidized bed reactor (1) including: a reaction vessel (10); and a plurality of temperature measuring sections (50), provided on an outer surface of the reaction vessel (10), each for measuring a temperature inside the reaction vessel (10).

An external catalyst cooler arrangement for an FCC regenerator improves the operation of the catalyst cooler by the use of a heat removal unit design utilizing a central supply tube and central heat removal conduit surrounded by external heat removal tubes connected directly to the central heat removal conduit.

Apparatuses and processes that produce multimodal polyolefins, and in particular, polyethylene resins, are disclosed herein. This is accomplished by using two reactors in series, where one of the reactors is a multi-zone circulating reactor that can circulate polyolefin particles through two polymerization zones optionally having two different flow regimes so that the final multimodal polyolefin has improved product properties and improved product homogeneity.

The present invention utilizes a high-speed intensive mixer in fluidizing type solid phase neutralization reactor to blend solid state alkali hydroxide with any humic acid sources. The final product is a dry humic acid salt. The purpose of this innovative method is to eliminate a series of complicated unit operations commonly employed by the traditional process. These removed steps may include dissolving caustic soda, mixing in a paste like formation, extrusion, granulation, drying, and grinding, etc. The new invention contributes to a simplified flowsheet, resulting in sharply reduced equipment investment, the required plant space, and labor and energy costs. All these factors coupled with increased productivity will drastically lower the overall production cost. Also the reduction of dust pollution will greatly minimize the impact in environmental protection and safety issues.

The present invention relates to a process for the continuous preparation of a polyolefin in a reactor from one or more -olefin monomers of which at least one is ethylene or propylene, wherein the reactor comprises a fluidized bed, an expanded section located at or near the top of the reactor, a distribution plate located at the lower part of the reactor and an inlet for a recycle stream located under the distribution plate wherein the process comprisesfeeding a polymerization catalyst to the fluidized bed in the area above the distribution platefeeding the one or more -olefin monomers to the reactorwithdrawing the polyolefin from the reactorcirculating fluids from the top of the reactor to the bottom of the reactor, wherein the circulating fluids are compressed using a compressor and subsequently cooled using a heat exchanger to form a cooled recycle stream comprising liquid, and wherein the cooled recycle stream is introduced into the reactor using the inlet for the recycle stream wherein a part of the cooled recycle stream is drawn to form a liquid comprising stream, wherein the liquid comprising stream is introduced into the expanded section during at least part of the polymerization process, and wherein the liquid comprising stream is brought into contact with at least part of the interior surface of the expanded section.

Apparatuses and processes that produce multimodal polyolefins, and in particular, polyethylene resins, are disclosed herein. This is accomplished by using two reactors in series, where one of the reactors is a multi-zone circulating reactor that can circulate polyolefin particles through two polymerization zones optionally having two different flow regimes so that the final multimodal polyolefin has improved product properties and improved product homogeneity.

Apparatuses and processes that produce multimodal polyolefins, and in particular, polyethylene resins, are disclosed herein. This is accomplished by using two reactors in series, where one of the reactors is a multi-zone circulating reactor that can circulate polyolefin particles through two polymerization zones optionally having two different flow regimes so that the final multimodal polyolefin has improved product properties and improved product homogeneity.

The present invention relates to a process for the continuous preparation of polypropylene in a reactor from propylene and optionally ethylene and/or at least one other oolefin monomer, wherein the reactor comprises a fluidized bed, an expanded section located at or near the top of the reactor, a distribution plate located at the lower part of the reactor and an inlet for a recycle stream located under the distribution plate, wherein the process comprisesfeeding a polymerization catalyst to the fluidized bed in the area above the distribution platefeeding the propylene and the optional at least one other oolefin monomer to the reactorwithdrawing the polypropylene from the reactorcirculating fluids from the top of the reactor to the bottom of the reactor, wherein the circulating fluids are compressed using a compressor and cooled using a heat exchanger, resulting in a cooled recycle stream comprising liquid, and wherein the cooled recycle stream is introduced into the reactor using the inlet for the recycle stream wherein an alkane chosen from the group of iso-butane, n-butane, cyclopropane and mixtures thereof is added to the reactor and wherein the molar composition of the components in the recycle stream is chosen such that the dew temperature of the recycle stream at the reactor pressure is at least 0.10 C. below the temperature of the reactor.