Polyurea capsules that encapsulate active materials in polymeric walls resulting from the polymerization of an aromatic or aliphatic polyisocyanate and a cross-linking agent are provided as are consumer products containing said polyurea capsules and for methods for producing such capsules.

A negative electrode active material which includes a silicon-based composite represented by SiO.sub.a (0≤a<1), and a carbon coating layer distributed on a surface of the silicon-based composite, and which has a bimodal pore structure including nanopores and mesopores. In a lithium secondary battery including the negative electrode active material, an oxygen content in the silicon-based composite can be controlled to improve initial efficiency and capacity characteristics, and a specific surface area can also be controlled, and thus a side reaction with electrolyte can be reduced.

A negative electrode active material which includes a silicon-based composite represented by SiO.sub.a (0≤a<1), and a carbon coating layer distributed on a surface of the silicon-based composite, and which has a bimodal pore structure including nanopores and mesopores. In a lithium secondary battery including the negative electrode active material, an oxygen content in the silicon-based composite can be controlled to improve initial efficiency and capacity characteristics, and a specific surface area can also be controlled, and thus a side reaction with electrolyte can be reduced.

An antimicrobial coating composition comprising a nanoparticle composite having a core and at least one shell, wherein the core comprises a silver nanoparticle having an antimicrobial action. The at least one shell is formed by a doped semiconductor providing a photocatalytic action and increasing the stability of silver nanoparticle core by controlling the releasing of Ag ions. The nanoparticle composite comprises a nanoparticle of a noble metal providing surface plasmon under the presence of electromagnetic radiation.

Disclosed herein are methods for preparing sporopollenin exine capsules (SECs) and methods for preparing composite materials that comprise SECs that utilize ionic liquid compositions. The composite materials typically include structural polymers and the SECs, and the SECs optionally may encapsulate useful materials, such as flame retardant materials, phase change materials, and therapeutic materials, such as probiotics and prebiotics. The composite materials may be prepared from ionic liquid compositions comprising the structural polymers and the SECs which optionally may encapsulate the useful materials, where the ionic liquid is removed from the ionic liquid compositions to obtain the composite materials comprising the SECs. The composite materials may be used in applications include (1) wound dressings to cool down damaged tissue; (2) as textiles to regulate the body temperature; (3) in building materials to regulate building temperature; (3) to provide fire retardation in textile and building materials; and (4) to deliver and protect probiotics and prebiotics from acidic conditions and digestive enzymes in the stomach, so that they fully retain their biological activity in the guts.

The wet adhesion of a coating composition may be improved through the use of voided latex particles as opacifying agents which contain a hollow interior as well as an outer shell of a polymer containing functional groups such as amino, 1,3-diketo, urea or ureido. Other types of functional groups may be introduced to the outer shell polymer in order to vary other desired characteristics of the coating. The voided latex particles are non-film-forming.

The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of microcapsules, in particular isocyanate-based microcapsules with improved stability to carboxylic acid and aldehyde-containing active ingredients as core material. In addition, the present invention relates to microcapsules obtainable by the process according to the invention. In addition, the present invention relates to microcapsules, suspensions of such microcapsules, and the use of the microcapsules and suspensions as a component in detergents, fabric softeners, cleaning products, scent boosters (fragrance enhancers) in liquid or solid form, cosmetics, personal care products, agricultural products, or pharmaceutical products.

Described herein is a process for preparing microcapsules. More particularly, the process is characterized by the fact that it requires limited amounts of water for preparing microcapsules. Microcapsules obtainable by the disclosed process as well as consumer products including those microcapsules are also described.

Described herein is a process for preparing microcapsules. More particularly, the process is characterized by the fact that it requires limited amounts of water for preparing microcapsules. Microcapsules obtainable by the disclosed process as well as consumer products including those microcapsules are also described.

An ultra low density film and an ultra low density solid material are produced by the steps of providing a vessel, introducing two immiscible fluids into the vessel, adding nanocrystals to at least one of the two immiscible fluids, applying a shear force to the two immiscible fluids and the nanocrystals in a manner that causes the nanocrystals to self-assemble and form colloidosomes. The colloidosomes amass and evaporation of the two fluids produces dried colloidosomes. The ultra low density self-assembled colloidosomes are hollow self-assembled colloidosomes, which are formed into the ultra-low density film and the ultra-low density solid.