Provided is a method for producing an organic compound, the method making it possible to ensure an adequate reaction time and obtain a targeted substance at a high yield even in an organic reaction that requires a relatively long time to complete the reaction. A method for producing an organic compound, wherein the method is characterized in that: a fluid processing apparatus F used in the production method is equipped with an upstream processing unit that processes a fluid to be processed between at least two processing surfaces 1 and 2 that relatively rotate, and a downstream processing unit disposed downstream of the upstream processing unit, the downstream processing unit being provided with a plurality of labyrinth seals that function to retain and stir the fluid to be processed that has been processed by the upstream processing unit; due to the fluid to be processed, which contains at least one type of organic compound, being passed through the upstream processing unit, the fluid to be processed is subjected to upstream processing; due to the fluid to be processed that has been subjected to upstream processing being passed through the downstream processing unit, the fluid to be processed that has been subjected to upstream processing is subjected to downstream processing; and the upstream processing and the downstream processing are performed continuously.

The present invention addresses the problem of providing a method for producing microparticles. Composite microparticles are separated by mixing at least two kinds of fluids to be processed in a thin film fluid that is formed between approachable and separable opposing processing surfaces that relatively rotate, wherein the fluids to be processed are a metal fluid comprising at least two kinds of metal elements that are dissolved in a solvent in the form of metal and/or metal compound and a fluid for separation containing at least one kind of separating substance for separating a composite substance comprising the at least two kinds of metal elements. The molar ratio between the at least two kinds of metal elements contained in the resulting microparticles is controlled by controlling the circumferential speed of the rotation at a confluence where the metal fluid and the fluid for separation merge at this time.

The present invention addresses the problem of providing a method for producing metal microparticles in which the particle diameter and the coefficient of variation are controlled. Using at least two kinds of fluid to be processed including a fluid which contains at least one kind of reducing agent, the fluid to be processed is mixed in a thin film fluid formed between at least two processing surfaces, at least one of which rotates relative to the other, and which are disposed facing each other and capable of approaching and separating from each other, and metalmicroparticles are separated. At this time, the fluid to be processed containing one or both of the fluid which contains at least one kind of metal and/or metal compound and the fluid which contains at least one kind of reducing agent contains a water-containing polyol in which water and a polyol are mixed, and does not contain a monovalent alcohol, and the particle diameter and coefficient of variance of the separated metal microparticles is controlled by controlling the ratio of water contained in the water-containing polyol.

The present invention aims at: providing an accelerated reaction in a liquid-phase reaction; forming, by way of the reaction, a metal oxide nanoparticle and carbon that carries the metal oxide nanoparticle in a highly dispersed state; and providing an electrode containing the carbon and an electrochemical device using the electrode. In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, shear stress and centrifugal force are applied to the reactant in the rotating reactor so that an accelerated chemical reaction is attained in the course of the reaction. Further, the carbon carrying a metal oxide nanoparticle in a highly dispersed state comprises: a metal oxide nanoparticle produced by the accelerated chemical reaction, wherein shear stress and centrifugal force are applied to a reactant in a rotating reactor in the course of the reaction; and carbon dispersed in the rotating reactor by applying shear stress and centrifugal force. An electrochemical device produced by using the carbon carrying the metal oxide nanoparticle as an electrode has high output and high capacity characteristics.

This fine particle production method involves a dissolving step in which a stirrer having a rotating stirring blade is used to dissolve at least one type of fine particle raw material in a solvent to obtain a fine particle raw material solution, and a precipitation step in which the fine particle raw material solution and at least one type of precipitation solvent for precipitating the fine particle raw material from the fine particle raw material solution are introduced between at least two treatment surfaces which are arranged oppositely one another, can move closer to and farther apart from one another, and at least one of which can rotate relative to the other, and the fine particle raw material solution and the at least one type of precipitation solvent are mixed in a thin film fluid formed between the at least two treatment surfaces, and the fine particles are precipitated. The stirring energy is determined by the stirring time conditions of the stirrer, the circumferential velocity conditions of the stirring blade, and the temperature conditions of the fine particle raw material solution, and in the dissolving step, the stirring energy is varied by changing at least one of the aforementioned conditions, and by changing the stirring energy, the degree of crystallization and the crystal form of the fine particles obtained in the precipitation step are controlled.

A device for the thermal treatment of material comprises a housing having a heatable housing jacket, which surrounds a treatment chamber and forms a rotationally symmetrical treatment surface extending in an axial direction, and a drivable rotor, which is arranged in the treatment chamber and extends coaxially. The rotor comprises a shaft, arranged in a manner distributed over the circumference of which are spreading elements. The device also comprises a condensation space, in which a condenser is formed and into which gaseous material components escaping from the material during the thermal treatment can pass, a condensate outlet for discharging the material components condensed in the condensation space, and a vacuum connection, which is fluidically connected to the condensation space. The vacuum connection is arranged in a region of the housing that lies downstream of the treatment surface, as viewed in the transport direction of the material.

Pressure processing systems disclosed herein comprise rotating fluid flow paths. Transfer of angular momentum between the working fluid and the fluid flow path may be configured to increase pressure within the system and/or recover energy used to increase pressure within the system. Rotation of pressure processing systems may be configured to alter working fluid pressure within the pressure processing system. Filtration and/or chemical processes may be performed within a pressure processing portion of such systems. Working fluid may be introduced or recovered from the system at various radial positions.

Exemplary systems and methods associated with activating fluids using indirect plasma. In particular, liquid can be activated to high concentrations and at high volumes by thinning and mixing the liquid as it is exposed to the plasma, resulting more efficient activation. Further increases in activation can be reached by re-circulating fluid for additional exposure to the plasma. High flow rates can be achieved with integrated systems that utilize multiple activation systems with coordinated control.

Disclosed herein is a constant shear continuous reactor device, comprising: an annular gas delivery tube comprising a gas inlet and a gas outlet; a first annular liquid delivery tube comprising a first liquid inlet and a first liquid outlet arranged concentrically around the annular gas delivery tube along a common axis, where the first liquid outlet is located at a downstream position relative to the gas outlet or is coterminous with the gas outlet; and an annular reactor wall tube comprising a final liquid inlet, a mixing zone section and a reactor outlet, where the annular reactor wall tube is arranged concentrically around the first annular liquid delivery tube along the common axis.

Provided are a method for producing organic material microparticles and a method for modifying organic material microparticles, whereby it becomes possible to improve the crystallinity of organic material microparticles or achieve the crystal transformation of the organic material microparticles while preventing the growth of the organic material microparticles in a solvent. A surfactant is added to a solvent that is capable of partially dissolving organic material microparticles, and then the organic material microparticles are reacted with the solvent. In this manner, it becomes possible to improve the degree of crystallization of the organic material microparticles or achieve the crystal transformation of the organic material microparticles without substantially altering the particle diameters of the organic material microparticles.