Certain embodiments of the invention are directed to nitrogen rich three dimensional C.sub.3N.sub.4+ mesoporous graphitic carbon nitride (gMCN) material formed from diaminoguanidine precursors, the gMCN having a spherical morphology and an average monomodal pore diameter between 6.5 to 9.5 nm.

Provided herein is a superabsorbent polyHIPE composition-of-matter comprising a majority of ionizable pendant groups, capable of absorbing up to 300-fold by mass water while exhibiting a notable mechanical strength in both the dry and wet form, as well as various uses thereof.

A graphene adsorbing material, a preparation method therefor and application thereof, and a cigarette filter tip and a cigarette are provided. The graphene adsorbing material comprises a fiber carrier, graphene and doped elements wherein the graphene and the doped elements are loaded on the fiber carrier and the doped elements comprise at least one of Al, Si and Fe. The graphene adsorbing material is obtained by contacting the fibers with the graphene material to load the graphene material on the fibers. By introducing the graphene and the doped elements in the fiber carrier, harmful substances with a type of fused aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzopyrene in smoke can be specifically adsorbed, filtered and removed; while nicotine and the other harmless substances are retained, and thus the smoking taste of a cigarette is not affected. The cigarette filter tip can effectively adsorb cancerogenic substances with a type of fused aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzopyrene in smoke to reduce harm of smoking; meanwhile, the pleasure of smoking and the mellow taste of the smoke are not affected. Besides, the graphene adsorbing material can also prevent the phenomenon that a cigarette holder gets mildewed due to humid environment and the other factors.

Zinc oxide-based sorbents, and processes for preparing and using them are provided, wherein the sorbents are preferably used to remove one or more reduced sulfur species from gas streams. The sorbents contain an active zinc component, optionally in combination with one or more promoter components and/or one or more substantially inert components. The active zinc component is a two-phase material, consisting essentially of a zinc oxide (ZnO) phase and a zinc aluminate (ZnAl.sub.2O.sub.4) phase. Each of the two phases is characterized by a relatively small crystallite size of typically less than about 50 nm (500 Angstroms). Preferably the sorbents are prepared by using an alkali metal base to convert a precursor mixture, containing a precipitated zinc oxide precursor and a precipitated aluminum oxide precursor, to the two-phase, active zinc oxide containing component, with the resulting sorbent having a sodium level within a desired range.

A method of removing an organic pollutant from water by contacting the water with a ball milled and sonicated oil fly ash powder to adsorb the organic pollutant onto the ball milled and sonicated oil fly ash powder. A method of producing a ball milled and sonicated oil fly ash powder involving ball milling oil fly ash to provide ball milled oil fly ash particles with an average particle size of less than 1 μm and sonicating the ball milled oil fly ash particles in an aqueous medium to form the ball milled and sonicated oil fly ash powder. A method of improving recovery of valuable metals/elements from oil fly ash.

Disclosed herein are embodiments of filtration systems and iron oxide nanowire-based filter meshes that can capture and inactivate pathogens in air. The filter meshes can include a porous lattice of iron metal and iron oxide nanowires radiating from the porous lattice of iron metal. The iron oxide nanowires radiating from the porous lattice of iron metal can be created by processing the filter mesh using the disclosed method. Pathogens can be inactivated by passing a sample containing the pathogens through the filter mesh and inactivating at least a portion of the pathogens as the sample passes through the filter mesh.

A tobacco humectant, which is a metal-organic framework material with a three-dimensional structure obtained by a self-assembly of Zr.sup.4+ and terephthalic acid or 2-aminoterephthalic acid. The metal-organic framework material with the three-dimensional structure obtained by the self-assembly of the Zr.sup.4+ and the terephthalic acid is Uio-66, and the metal-organic framework material with the three-dimensional structure obtained by the self-assembly of the Zr.sup.4+ and the 2-aminoterephthalic acid is Uio-66-NH.sub.2. A preparation method of the tobacco humectant and a use thereof in tobacco is further provided.

A method for producing a fluorinated carbon adsorbent which involves digesting rice husk, sulfonating the digested rice husk, and fluorinating the sulfonated rice husk. The method yields a fluorinated carbon adsorbent material having an adsorption capacity for CO.sub.2 of 1.6 to 2.5 mmol/g, an adsorption capacity for CH.sub.4 of 0.4 to 0.8 mmol/g, and an adsorption capacity for N.sub.2 of 0.1 to 0.4 mmol/g, at a temperature of 273 to 298 K and a pressure of 0.75 to 1.5 atm. Also disclosed is a method for separating a mixture of gases using the fluorinated carbon adsorbent.

This invention describes a novel method for adsorbing heavy metals and a novel adsorbent for same. In one embodiment, the method is used to specifically remove Pb(II). In one embodiment, the adsorbent comprises modified carbon disulfide (CS.sub.2). In one or more embodiments the CS.sub.2 is modified with a graphene derivative. In one or more embodiments the graphene derivative is graphene oxide (GO).

A m-xylene adsorbent contains 94 to 99.9 wt % of a Y molecular sieve and 0.1 to 6 wt % of a matrix. The Y molecular sieve consists of a non-crystal-transformed Y molecular sieve and a Y molecular sieve produced by a crystal transformation. The non-crystal-transformed Y molecular sieve is a mesoporous nano Y molecular sieve, which has a crystalline grain size of 20 to 450 nanometers, contains two types of mesoporous pores, and respectively has most probable pore diameters of 5 to 20 nanometers and 25 to 50 nanometers. The adsorbent is used for adsorptive separation of m-xylene from mixed C8 aromatic hydrocarbons.