The present invention relates to a method for preparing an alumina supported perovskite type oxide composition, to an alumina supported perovskite type oxide composition and to the use of such an alumina supported perovskite type oxide composition in catalytic systems in emission control applications.

The present invention relates to a method for preparing an alumina supported perovskite type oxide composition, to an alumina supported perovskite type oxide composition and to the use of such an alumina supported perovskite type oxide composition in catalytic systems in emission control applications.

A multilayer supported oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) catalyst composition (support, first single oxide layer, one or more mixed oxide layers, optional second single oxide layer) characterized by formula A.sub.aZ.sub.bE.sub.cD.sub.dO.sub.x/support; A is alkaline earth metal; Z is first rare earth element; E is second rare earth element; D is redox agent/third rare earth element; the first, second, third rare earth element are not the same; a=1.0; b=0.1-10.0; c=0.1-10.0; d=0-10.0; x balances oxidation states; first single oxide layer (Z.sub.b1O.sub.x1, b1=0.1-10.0; x1 balances oxidation states) contacts support and one or more mixed oxide layers; one or more mixed oxide layers (A.sub.a2Z.sub.b2E.sub.c2D.sub.d2O.sub.x2, a2=1.0; b2=0.1-10.0; c2=0.1-10.0; d2=0-10.0; x2 balances oxidation states; A.sub.aZ.sub.bE.sub.cD.sub.dO.sub.x and A.sub.a2Z.sub.b2E.sub.c2D.sub.d2O.sub.x2 are different) contacts first single oxide layer and optionally second single oxide layer, and second single oxide layer (AO), when present, contacts one or more mixed oxide layers and optionally first single oxide layer.

A microsphere of oxide has an opening on its surface connected to a hollow core inside, forming a cavity. The oxide the microsphere is made of is selected from the group consisting of alumina, silica, zirconia, magnesium oxide, calcium oxide and titania. The microsphere of oxide shows better mass and heat transfer characteristics, and has strength significantly higher than that of existing products with similar structures. A FT synthesis catalyst has the microsphere of oxide as a support and an active metal component disposed on the support. The active metal component is one or more selected from the group consisting of Co, Fe, and Ru.

There is provided an exhaust gas purification device that shows a high HC removal performance under a condition in which a rich air-fuel mixture is introduced. The exhaust gas purification device includes a substrate, a first catalyst layer, and a second catalyst layer. The substrate includes an upstream end and a downstream end. The first catalyst layer is disposed on a surface of the partition wall in an upstream region including the upstream end of the substrate. The second catalyst layer is disposed inside the partition wall in a downstream region including the downstream end of the substrate. The first catalyst layer contains a first metal catalyst and alumina-zirconia composite oxide. The second catalyst layer contains a second metal catalyst.

There is provided an exhaust gas purification device that shows a high HC removal performance under a condition in which a rich air-fuel mixture is introduced. The exhaust gas purification device includes a substrate, a first catalyst layer, and a second catalyst layer. The substrate includes an upstream end and a downstream end. The first catalyst layer is disposed on a surface of the partition wall in an upstream region including the upstream end of the substrate. The second catalyst layer is disposed inside the partition wall in a downstream region including the downstream end of the substrate. The first catalyst layer contains a first metal catalyst and alumina-zirconia composite oxide. The second catalyst layer contains a second metal catalyst.

The present invention relates to a process for conveniently preparing a supported cobalt-containing Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalyst having improved activity and selectivity for C.sub.5+ hydrocarbons. In one aspect, the present invention provides a process for preparing a supported cobalt-containing Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalyst, said process comprising the steps of: (a) impregnating a support material with: i) a cobalt-containing compound and ii) acetic acid, or a manganese salt of acetic acid, in a single impregnation step to form an impregnated support material; and (b) drying and calcining the impregnated support material; wherein the support material impregnated in step (a) has not previously been modified with a source of metal other than cobalt; and wherein when the cobalt-containing compound is cobalt hydroxide, a manganese salt of acetic acid is not used in step (a) of the process.

A nano platelet gibbsite treated with compound of formula (OR.sup.a).sub.3Si—R.sup.b or of formula R.sup.c—COOH wherein R.sup.a equal to or different from each other is a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 alkyl radical; R.sup.b is a C.sub.5-C.sub.30 hydrocarbon radical and R.sup.c is a C.sub.5-C.sub.30 hydrocarbon radical is used as a catalyst support.

Processes for producing alcohols from biomass are provided. The processes utilize supercritical methanol to depolymerize biomass with subsequent conversion to a mixture of alcohols. In particular the disclosure relates to continuous processes which produce high yields of alcohols through recycling gases and further employ dual reactor configurations which improve overall alcohol yields. Processes for producing higher ethers and olefins from the so-formed alcohols, through alcohol coupling and subsequent dehydration are also provided. The resulting distillate range ethers and olefins are useful as components in liquid fuels, such as diesel and jet fuel.

Processes for producing alcohols from biomass are provided. The processes utilize supercritical methanol to depolymerize biomass with subsequent conversion to a mixture of alcohols. In particular the disclosure relates to continuous processes which produce high yields of alcohols through recycling gases and further employ dual reactor configurations which improve overall alcohol yields. Processes for producing higher ethers and olefins from the so-formed alcohols, through alcohol coupling and subsequent dehydration are also provided. The resulting distillate range ethers and olefins are useful as components in liquid fuels, such as diesel and jet fuel.