A vanadium oxide based honeycomb SCR catalyst composed of a plurality of corrugated sheets stacked upon one another to form a plurality of flow through channels, the corrugated sheets are provided with an inert inner core layer and an outermost layer containing a SCR catalyst composition.

A method for preparing a bi-component, multi-network nanofibrous aerogel-supported heterojunction photocatalyst includes the following steps. Step 1, preparing ammoniated polyacrylonitrile nanofibers. Step 2, dispersing the ammoniated polyacrylonitrile nanofibers in water to obtain a first solution; dispersing cellulose nanofibers in water to obtain a second solution; and mixing, heating and lyophilizing the first solution with the second solution to obtain a bi-component, multi-network nanofibrous aerogel. Step 3, adding graphite carbon nitride, a ferric-iron containing reagent, 2,5-diaminoterephthalic acid, and the bi-component, multi-network nanofiber aerogel obtained in the step 2 into a N, N-dimethylformamide solvent to obtain a third solution, and carrying out a hydrothermal reaction on the third solution for 8-24 hours to obtain the bi-component, multi-network nanofibrous aerogel-supported heterojunction photocatalyst.

The disclosure relates to a photocatalytic structure. The photocatalytic structure includes a carbon nanotube structure, a photocatalytic active layer coated on the carbon nanotube structure, and a metal layer including a plurality of nanoparticles located on the surface of the photocatalytic active layer. The carbon nanotube structure comprises a plurality of intersected carbon nanotubes and defines a plurality of openings, and the photocatalytic active layer is coated on the surface of the plurality of carbon nanotubes. The metal layer includes a plurality of nanoparticles located on the surface of the photocatalytic active layer.

Catalysts, catalytic materials having catalysts present on supports and catalytic methods are provided. The catalysts, catalytic material and methods are useful in a variety of catalytic reactions, for example, the oxidative coupling of methane.

The disclosure relates to a photocatalytic structure. The photocatalytic structure includes a substrate, a photocatalytic active layer, and a metal layer. The substrate, the photocatalytic active layer, and the metal layer are arranged in succession. The substrate includes a base and a patterned bulge layer on a surface of the base. The patterned bulge layer is a net-like structure comprising a plurality of strip-shaped bulges intersected with each other and a plurality of indents defined by the plurality of strip-shaped bulges. The plurality of strip-shaped bulges is an integrated structure. The photocatalytic active layer is on the surface of the patterned bulge layer. The metal layer includes a plurality of nanoparticles located on the surface of the photocatalytic active layer away from the substrate.

A multi-catalytic material that includes a polyelectrolyte membrane and methods of preparing the same are provided herein.

The present invention provides materials for improving the ignition of gaseous reactants in metal catalyzed oxidation reactions comprising a metal catalyst gauze, preferably, a platinum/rhodium catalyst gauze, having in contact therewith, from 0.5 to 1.5 wt. %, based on the weight of the metal catalyst gauze, of one or more pieces of previously used metal catalyst gauze. Further, methods of making the metal catalyst materials comprise shaping the pieces of previously used metal catalyst gauze and placing them equidistant from each other in contact with or on the surface of the metal catalyst gauze. And methods of using the materials comprise feeding into the reactor a gas mixture of oxygen or air and one or more reactant gases, and igniting the gas mixture at the surface of one or more or all of the pieces of previously used metal catalyst.

The present development is a metal particle coated nanowire catalyst for use in the hydrodesulfurization of fuels and a process for the production of the catalyst. The catalyst comprises titanium(IV) oxide nanowires wherein the nanowires are produced by exposure of a TiO.sub.2KOH paste to microwave radiation. Metal particles selected from the group consisting of molybdenum, nickel, cobalt, tungsten, or a combination thereof, are impregnated on the metal oxide nanowire surface. The metal impregnated nanowires are sulfided to produce catalytically-active metal particles on the surface of the nanowires The catalysts of the present invention are intended for use in the removal of thiophenic sulfur from liquid fuels through a hydrodesulfurization (HDS) process in a fixed bed reactor. The presence of nanowires improves the HDS activity and reduces the sintering effect, therefore, the sulfur removal efficiency increases.

The present disclosure relates to a fluid modification system having a container structure and a plurality of independent, ceramic elements. The ceramic elements may be arranged in random orientations and contained in the container structure, thus causing a fluid flow entering the container structure at any given cross-section location to flow over the surfaces of a first subplurality of the ceramic elements, and through the porous walls of a second subplurality of the ceramic elements, before exiting at a second location of the container structure. Each one of the ceramic elements has at least one of a nanofibrous or nanoporous microstructure to enable internal flow both through a wall structure thereof, and over and around the wall structure to affect performance.

The present disclosure relates to a modular fluid modification system having an outer container configured to permit a fluid flow there into at a first location, and to allow the fluid flow to exit the container at a second location spaced apart from the first location. A plurality of fluid contacting elements is housed in the outer container. The fluid contacting elements each form an independent filtering or reactor element. Each fluid contacting element includes a plurality of openings formed in a grid or lattice-like pattern.