The invention relates to the chemical industry and can be used for processing methane and other volatile, liquid, solid fusible hydrocarbons when producing hydrogen, soot, and other flammable gases. The invention relates to a method for the pyrolytic decomposition of hydrocarbons, in which a pyrolysis reactor arranged in a space bounded by a lining is heated by flue gases generated by combusting a hydrogen-enriched mixture of air and gaseous hydrocarbons, while ensuring a maximum decrease in CO.sub.2 emissions into the atmosphere. The invention also relates to a unit for the pyrolytic decomposition of hydrocarbons. The technical result is a high degree of separation of hydrogen and carbon by fast high-temperature pyrolysis at atmospheric pressure without oxygen supply and without CO.sub.2 production.

An apparatus includes a riser reactor within the reaction vessel. The riser reactor defines a longitudinal axis and including a riser reactor inlet at one end and at least one riser reactor outlet at an opposite end. The apparatus includes a separation vessel including at least one separation chamber and at least one collection chamber distributed in an alternating manner about the longitudinal axis. Each separation chamber comprises two vertical lateral walls which also comprise a wall of an adjacent one of the at least one collection chamber. A lateral separation chamber outlet is defined in at least one of the vertical lateral walls to provide fluid and particle communication from the lateral separation chamber to the adjacent one of the at least one collection chamber. The separation vessel includes at least one collection chamber deflector positioned in the at least one collection chamber.

A process for producing an olefin polymer employs a gas phase polymerization reactor having a product discharge system comprising first and second pairs of lock hoppers, wherein each pair comprises an upstream lock hopper connected by valve means to the reactor and a downstream lock hopper connected by valve means to the upstream lock hopper and by further valve means to a product recovery system, and wherein a first cross-tie is provided between the upstream lock hoppers of the first and second pairs of lock hoppers and a second cross-tie is provided between the downstream lock hoppers of the first and second pairs of lock hoppers. Operation of the second cross-tie during product removal cycles is controlled in accordance with reactor pressure.

A biochar production system includes a reactor body, a central rod disposed within the reactor body, a leveling arm extending from the central rod and configured to rotate about the central rod, and a bed level sensor system. The bed level sensor system includes a float configured to move from a resting position on a biomass in the reactor to an ending position upon contact with the leveling arm, and a level sensor coupled to the float via a connector. The level sensor is configured to correspondingly move with the float. A controller is configured to detect bed levels of the biomass within the reactor body, and determine a plurality of sample readings based on the detected bed levels.

According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, chemical streams may be processed by a method which may comprise operating a first chemical process, stopping the first chemical process and removing the first catalyst from the reactor, and operating a second chemical process. The reaction of the first chemical process may be a dehydrogenation reaction, a cracking reaction, a dehydration reaction, or a methanol-to-olefin reaction. The reaction of the second chemical process may be a dehydrogenation reaction, a cracking reaction, a dehydration reaction, or a methanol-to-olefin reaction. The first reaction and the second reaction may be different types of reactions.

A method for processing a chemical stream includes contacting a feed stream with a catalyst in an upstream reactor section of a reactor having the upstream reactor section and a downstream reactor section, passing an intermediate product stream to the downstream reactor section, and introducing a riser quench fluid into the downstream reactor section, upstream reactor section, or transition section and into contact with the intermediate product stream and the catalyst to slow or stop the reaction. The method includes separating at least a portion of the catalyst from the product stream, passing the product stream to a product processing section, cooling the product stream, and separating a portion of the riser quench fluid from the product stream. The riser quench fluid separated from the product stream may be recycled back to the downstream reactor section, upstream reactor section, or transition section as the riser quench fluid.

A bi-modal radial flow reactor comprising a cylindrical outer housing surrounding at least five cylindrical, concentric zones, including at least three annulus vapor zones and at least two catalyst zones. The at least two catalyst zones comprise an outer catalyst zone and an inner catalyst zone. The at least three annulus vapor zones comprise an outer annulus vapor zone, a middle annulus vapor zone, and a central annulus vapor zone, wherein the central annulus vapor zone extends along a centerline of the bi-modal radial flow reactor. The outer catalyst zone is intercalated with the outer annulus vapor zone and the middle annulus vapor zone, and the inner catalyst zone is intercalated with the middle annulus vapor zone and the central annulus vapor zone. A removable head cover can be fixably coupled to a top of the cylindrical outer housing to seal a top of the bi-modal radial flow reactor.

A method for minimizing the amount of catalyst inactivating agent that is present in a liquid fraction recovered from a slurry-based polymer production process, the liquid fraction comprising diluent used in the polymer production process, is disclosed. The method includes steps for controlling the pressure over the liquid fraction collected during diluent recovery so as to minimize the concentration of catalyst inactivating agent that is retained in the recovered liquid fraction. Embodiments of apparatus suitable for conducting the disclosed method are also provided.

Spent catalyst (500) is removed from process microchannels (310) of a Fischer-Tropsch reactor by directing a jet of air (4) from an air knife (1) through slots of a protecting member (2). The air knife is traversed across successive rows of process microchannels (310) in direction A. The spacer member (2) protects an internal microchannel architecture (315) of the process microchannels against damage by the air jet (4) which may approach or exceed sonic velocity as it is directed into the process microchannels.

The present invention discloses an external loop slurry reactor, comprising a gas-liquid integrated distributor, a riser, a degassing zone, a solid-liquid separation circulation unit, and a storage tank. When the reactor works, reactants are injected into the riser through the gas-liquid integrated distributor; the slurry mixes and flows upwards to the degassing zone at the top for gas removal, and a large number of bubbles are removed. The slurry with catalyst particles then enters a downcomer and flows downwards. The slurry flows into a first-stage hydrocyclone and a multi-stage hydrocyclone in sequence for solid-liquid separation. The diameter of the first-stage hydrocyclone is larger than that of the multi-stage hydrocyclone. The separated solid particles flow back into the riser to continue to participate in the reaction.