Apparatuses and processes that produce multimodal polyolefins, and in particular, polyethylene resins, are disclosed herein. This is accomplished by using two reactors in series, where one of the reactors is a multi-zone circulating reactor that can circulate polyolefin particles through two polymerization zones optionally having two different flow regimes so that the final multimodal polyolefin has improved product properties and improved product homogeneity.

A chemical reaction method having steps of preparing a chemical reaction apparatus by partitioning an inside of a horizontal flow reactor into multiple chambers by multiple partition plates, and flowing a liquid horizontally with an unfilled space being provided thereabove, generating microwaves with a microwave generator, and transmiting the microwaves, with at least one waveguide, to the unfilled space in the reactor. Also forming a top portion of the partition plates act as a weir, inclining the reactor such that, in each of the chambers, a weir height on the inlet side is higher than a weir height on the outlet side by at least an overflow depth at the partition plate on the outlet side, flowing content over each of the partition plates inside the reactor, and configuring the weir heights of the partition plates in the reactor are the same in a state where the reactor is not inclined.

A reactor and its internals used for the thermal processing of a liquid mixture. The reactor comprises plates and at least part of the surface of said plates is used to perform the thermal processing. The reactor and its internals are used for the thermal processing of various liquid mixtures containing organic compounds. The processes, for thermal processing the mixture comprising organic compounds, comprising the steps of feeding the reactor and its internals and being useful for treating wastes oils and/or for destroying hazardous and/or toxic products; and/or for reusing waste products in an environmentally acceptable form and/or way, and/or for cleaning contaminated soils or beaches, and/or cleaning tar pits, and/or use in coal-oil co-processing, and/or recovering oil from oil spills, and/or PCB free transformed oils. A process for fabricating the reactor and its internals is also proposed.

Systems and methods for making ceramic powders configured with consistent, tailored characteristics and/or properties are provided herein. In some embodiments a system for making ceramic powders, includes: a reactor body having a reaction chamber and configured with a heat source to provide a hot zone along the reaction chamber; a sweep gas inlet configured to direct a sweep gas into the reaction chamber and a sweep gas outlet configured to direct an exhaust gas from the reaction chamber; a plurality of containers, within the reactor body, configured to retain at least one preform, wherein each container is configured to permit the sweep gas to flow therethrough, wherein the preform is configured to permit the sweep gas to flow there through, such that the precursor mixture is reacted in the hot zone to form a ceramic powder product having uniform properties.

Provided are a device for continuously producing poly(arylene sulfide) (hereinafter, referred to as PAS) and a method for continuous PAS production with which resource savings, energy savings, and a reduction in equipment cost are rendered possible. The device for continuous PAS production according to the present invention includes a housing chamber for housing a plurality of reaction cells; wherein the housing chamber is supplied with at least an organic amide solvent, a sulfur source, and a dihalo aromatic compound. In the reaction cells, the sulfur source is polymerized with the dihalo aromatic compound in the organic amide solvent to form a reaction mixture. The reaction cells communicate with each other through a gas phase within the housing chamber. The reaction cells are sequentially connected, and the reaction mixture sequentially moves to each reaction cell.

Systems and methods for making ceramic powders configured with consistent, tailored characteristics and/or properties are provided herein. In some embodiments a system for making ceramic powders, includes: a reactor body having a reaction chamber and configured with a heat source to provide a hot zone along the reaction chamber; a sweep gas inlet configured to direct a sweep gas into the reaction chamber and a sweep gas outlet configured to direct an exhaust gas from the reaction chamber; a plurality of containers, within the reactor body, configured to retain at least one preform, wherein each container is configured to permit the sweep gas to flow therethrough, wherein the preform is configured to permit the sweep gas to flow there through, such that the precursor mixture is reacted in the hot zone to form a ceramic powder product having uniform properties.

A system and a method for converting Natural Gas (NG) to high energy transportable liquid (such as gasoline) are disclosed. A semiconductor UV-source is used for initiate a photo lytic reaction between methane molecules and photons having energy equal or bigger than the energy of dissociation of the CH bond in methane. The formed radicals are further react to produce higher molecular weight hydrocarbons, while hydrogen gas is separates from the reaction mixture in order to avoid reverse reactions.

A gas-phase polymerization system and a solids recovery system for a fluidized bed reactor. The fluidized bed reactor can include a fluidizing gas outlet from which a discharged mixture of fluidizing gas and polymer fines is released, and a cyclone separator can separate the polymer fines from the fluidizing gas for reentry into the fluidized bed reactor. It has been found that by situating the reactor entry nozzle of the fines return line which is closest to the gas-phase reaction zone significantly higher in the reaction zone than in a conventional fines return line, and by directionally orientating the incoming stream of polymer fines and carrier gas into the fluidized bed in the reaction zone, a significant increase in the residence time of the particle in the reaction and larger particles which meet a product size distribution specifications are achieved.

A trough reactor, including an elongated trough shaped enclosure, a stock feed inlet, a reactant feed-in and distribution system, at least one separation plate extending downwardly underneath the elongated trough shaped enclosure and at least one separation column forming a continuous gravitational decanter with at least one outlet and a posterior outlet, as well as a method of catalyzing a reaction in a trough reactor, including horizontally inclining an elongated trough shaped enclosure, supplying a feed of substrate into the elongated trough shaped enclosure, supplying and distributing a feed-in of a reactant into the elongated trough shaped enclosure; disposing a separation plate essentially vertically in the elongated trough shaped enclosure, substantially obstructing a spontaneous gravitational flow along the elongated trough shaped enclosure by the separation plate, providing a separation column of an essentially hollow vertical structure, separating the substrate or reactant or a product by a means of continuous gravitational decantation process, draining from an outlet at a bottom portion of the separation column an excessive portion of the substrate or reactant or a product and draining a portion of the substrate or reactant or a product from a posterior outlet, are described.

The present disclosure relates to an apparatus and process for continuous saccharification of marine algae and cellulosic biomass.