The present invention relates to a calcined medium, in particular a catalyst or a catalyst medium or an adsorbent/absorbent mass, in particular in the form of extrudates, pellets, granules or beads, the medium comprising a porous matrix comprising carbonates, clays, zeolites, oxides, or metal and/or silicon hydroxides, and the matrix incorporating hollow mineral microspheres having a different composition in a content of between 0.3 and 50% by weight, in particular between 0.5 and 15% by weight, of the matrix.

A composition and method for sorbing a mobilized metal which can optionally include uranium, and which can optionally be used for capping uranium-containing mining tailings. The method can include forming a layered structure atop the metal-containing mining tailings which sorbs the metal and prevents it from being discharged as surface water runoff and which prevents it from being released into groundwater.

A lithium ion adsorbent includes a material having a chemical formula of LiCl.2Al(OH).sub.3.nH.sub.2O. n is an integer from 1 to 3, a specific surface area of the lithium ion adsorbent is 20-36 m.sup.2/g, an average pore diameter of the lithium ion adsorbent is 20-35 nm, a total pore volume of the lithium ion adsorbent is 0.15-0.32 mL/g, a D10 of the lithium ion adsorbent is 3-12 μm, a D50 of the lithium ion adsorbent is 12-22 μm, and a D90 of the lithium ion adsorbent is 20-40 μm.

A coated substrate (2a, 2b) adapted for hydrocarbon adsorption having at least one surface, and a coating on the at least one surface, the coating comprising particulate carbon and a binder, wherein the particulate carbon has a BET surface area of at least about 1300 m.sup.2/g; and at least one of: (i) a butane affinity of greater than 60% at 5% butane; (ii) a butane affinity of greater than 35% at 0.5% butane; (iii) a micropore volume greater than about 0.2 ml/g and a mesopore volume greater than about 0.5 ml/g. A bleed emission scrubber (1) and an evaporative emission control canister system (30) comprising the coated substrate (2a, 2b) are provided. They can control evaporative hydrocarbon emissions and may provide low diurnal breathing loss (DBL) emissions even under a low purge condition.

The reduction of the acid gas concentration in the flue gas of combustion units that is produced in waste incinerators, by contacting the flue gas with a powder composition including an alkaline earth metal salt and an ammonium salt. The contact may be carried out in a combustion furnace and/or in a post-combustion chamber of the combustion units.

The proposed method relates to the processing of carbon-containing raw material and may be used to obtain products containing amorphous silica and amorphous carbon of varying degrees of purity. The technical result consists in simplifying the production of a product containing amorphous silica and increasing the yield efficiency for such a product by decreasing the temperature to which the carbon-containing raw material is exposed. The method of producing a product containing amorphous silica and amorphous carbon includes the steps in which a carbon-containing raw material is dried at a temperature of 150-200° C. and the dried raw material is subjected to heat treatment at a temperature of 400-600° C., wherein the heat treatment is performed in the presence of an activator made of a readily fusible alloy. A device for carrying out the method is also proposed.

A modified natural sulfide ore material, a preparation method, and a use thereof are disclosed. A natural sulfide ore and a copper salt are used as raw materials. The natural sulfide ore is modified through mechanical grinding for activation, drying, and the like to synthesize a sulfide ore composite. The copper salt is subjected to a reaction to increase metal sites, produce fine microcrystalline particles, and change the crystal structure, such that active sites can be fully exposed. When contacting mercury in a gas phase and/or a liquid phase, the modified natural sulfide ore material can convert the mercury into a stable compound to realize the immobilization and removal of the mercury, which has advantages such as large mercury adsorption capacity, high adsorption rate, wide application temperature range, low cost, abundant raw material reserves, simple operation, and environmentally-friendly mercury removal products without secondary pollution and shows promising industrial application prospects.

A method and reactor are disclosed for separating and removing heavy metals from wastewater using a sulfhydryl-modified nano-magnetized activated carbon. The method includes the steps of preparing a sulfhydryl-modified nano-magnetized activated carbon first; introducing heavy-metal-containing wastewater into a reactor which is equipped with a stirrer and keeping stirring, and then adding the sulfhydryl-modified nano-magnetized activated carbon, continuously stirring for a reaction; after reacting for a period, precipitating under a magnetic field generated by a magnet separator, discharging the resulting supernate, and then discharging the precipitated sludge.

Fresh water contamination by heavy metals results from a variety of sources and can be damaging to wildlife, alter landscapes, and impact human health. metals removal form water sources is desirable for improving water quality and preventing adverse effects, but also for metals collection and recycling. Adsorption is a desirable metals extraction technique due to economic feasibility. Nanoscale materials exhibit high surface-area-to-volume ratio that lends to high adsorption and reactivity, making them ideal candidates for adsorptive metals extraction processes. Despite these properties, nanomaterials have elicited safety concerns. The extraordinarily small dimensions of these materials allow them to maneuver biological systems, tissues, and even cells, and combined with high reactivity, this translocation can result in toxic effects. It is therefore imperative that safety of nanomaterials for metals extraction be evaluated in addition to adsorptive properties. The current invention describes nanoparticles composed of magnetite, coated in hydroxyapatite, and functionalized for adsorption with titanium dioxide (TiHAMNPs). This material is safe, provides significant adsorption of metals, and allows efficient collection in magnetic systems.

A composition for making composite adsorbents from a mixture of geopolymer, zeolite and activated carbon wherein a geopolymer material, a carbonaceous material, and an alkali activating agent are the components of the mixture. The alkali activating agent to carbonaceous material solid mass ratio is at least 0.25:1, respectively. A process for producing shaped composite adsorbents from the composition is done using conventional means such as mixing, shaping, extrusion and other methods. Alkali activation is used to convert the carbonaceous material to activated carbon, followed by hydrothermal treatment to convert the geopolymer material to zeolites. Shaped composite adsorbents fabricated from the composition of the instant invention are used for adsorption, purification, or other separation applications of liquids and gases.