A selective postsynthetic surface modification process of mesoporous Y zeolite (Meso-Y) is provided. The process results in a thin silica, alumina or aluminosilicate overlayer on the external surface without causing significant pore blockage, which otherwise results in the absence of surfactant. The approach relies on occluded CTAB surfactant in as-synthesized Meso-Y acting as a soft template, which protects internal microporosity and mesoporosity during inorganic overlayer synthesis, by directing its deposition to selectively occur on the external surface. The process is conducted under dry conditions.

Zeolitic materials with modified surface composition, crystal structure, crystal or particle size, and/or porosity, methods for making the same, and methods for converting oxygenates to olefins using the same are provided herein. In an exemplary embodiment, a method for reducing a surface silicon content of a silicon-containing zeolitic material is provided that includes providing a silicon-containing zeolitic material; and contacting the silicon-containing zeolitic material with a modifying solution comprising one or more of an amine, an alcoholamine, and an amino acid. In this embodiment, the contacting occurs under conditions suitable for the modifying solution to reduce a surface silicon content, increase the porosity, and/or decrease an average crystal or particle size of the silicon-containing zeolitic material.

A catalyst composition which comprises titanium, wherein part of the titanium is present as a titanium dioxide phase and at least some of the titanium dioxide phase is in the brookite polymorphic form is provided. In some embodiments, the catalyst also comprises a silica support which exhibits a high surface area and pore volume. Methods of preparing the catalyst and its use in an epoxidation reaction are also provided.

The invention encompasses methods of directly converting methane- to methanol The invention further encompasses catalysts that efficiently afford this transformation at low temperatures. Exemplary embodiments encompassed by the invention include a gas stream containing methane gas and oxygen,which is passed over an oxygen-activated catalyst to directly form methanol

Zeolitic materials with modified surface composition, crystal structure, crystal or particle size, and/or porosity, methods for making the same, and methods for converting oxygenates to olefins using the same are provided herein. In an exemplary embodiment, a method for reducing a surface silicon content of a silicon-containing zeolitic material is provided that includes providing a silicon-containing zeolitic material; and contacting the silicon-containing zeolitic material with a modifying solution comprising one or more of an amine, an alcoholamine, and an amino acid. In this embodiment, the contacting occurs under conditions suitable for the modifying solution to reduce a surface silicon content, increase the porosity, and/or decrease an average crystal or particle size of the silicon-containing zeolitic material.

A process for preparing a catalytic cracking catalyst, which process comprises: a molecular sieve is introduced into a gas-phase ultra-stabilization reactor, the molecular sieve is moved without the conveying of carrier gas from a molecular sieve inlet of the gas-phase ultra-stabilization reactor to a molecular sieve outlet of the gas-phase ultra-stabilization reactor, and the molecular sieve is contacted and reacted with a gaseous SiCl.sub.4 in the gas-phase ultra-stabilization reactor, the molecular sieve resulting from the contacting and the reacting is optionally washed, then mixed with a matrix and water into slurry, and shaped into particles.

The present disclosure relates to a preparing method of a zeolite core/silica zeolite shell composite, which includes adding a zeolite seed crystal into a gel solution containing a silicon-source compound, a structure directing agent and a fluorine anion-source compound, and then, crystallizing the gel solution for growing a silica zeolite shell containing a crystal structure which is coherent with that of the zeolite seed crystal; a zeolite core/silica zeolite shell composite prepared by the preparing method above; and catalytic use of the zeolite core/silica zeolite shell composite.

The invention relates to converting non-aromatic hydrocarbon in the presence of CO.sub.2 to produce aromatic hydrocarbon. CO.sub.2 methanation using molecular hydrogen produced during the aromatization increases aromatic hydrocarbon yield. The invention also relates to equipment and materials useful in such upgrading, to processes for carrying out such upgrading, and to the use of such processes for, e.g., natural gas upgrading.

The invention relates to converting non-aromatic hydrocarbon in the presence of CO.sub.2 to produce aromatic hydrocarbon. CO.sub.2 methanation using molecular hydrogen produced during the aromatization increases aromatic hydrocarbon yield. The invention also relates to equipment and materials useful in such upgrading, to processes for carrying out such upgrading, and to the use of such processes for, e.g., natural gas upgrading.

A catalyst composition which comprises titanium, wherein part of the titanium is present as a titanium dioxide phase and at least some of the titanium dioxide phase is in the brookite polymorphic form is provided. In some embodiments, the catalyst also comprises a silica support which exhibits a high surface area and pore volume. Methods of preparing the catalyst and its use in an epoxidation reaction are also provided.