A hydrocarbon reforming catalyst used for forming a synthetic gas containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide from a hydrocarbon-based gas, the hydrocarbon reforming catalyst containing a complex oxide having a perovskite structure, wherein the complex oxide has a crystal phase containing SrZrO.sub.3 as a primary component and contains Ru.

A hydrocarbon reforming catalyst used for forming a synthetic gas containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide from a hydrocarbon-based gas, the hydrocarbon reforming catalyst containing a complex oxide having a perovskite structure, wherein the complex oxide has a crystal phase containing SrZrO.sub.3 as a primary component and contains Ru.

A catalyst for forming a synthetic gas containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide from a hydrocarbon-based gas, the catalyst containing a complex oxide having a perovskite structure, wherein the complex oxide has a crystal phase containing CaZrO.sub.3 as a primary component and contains Ru and at least one of Ce and Y.

An ammonia synthesis catalyst, includes a composite oxide carrier in which at least one additive metal element selected from the group consisting of titanium (Ti), zirconium (Zr), hafnium (Hf), aluminum (Al), gallium (Ga), indium (In), silicon (Si), germanium (Ge), and tin (Sn) is solid-solutionized in a composite oxide containing cerium (Ce) and a lanthanide other than Ce and having a composition represented by the following formula:

Ce.sub.xA.sub.1−x−yB.sub.yO.sub.d

(in the formula, A represents a lanthanide other than Ce, B represents the additive metal element, x represents a molar fraction of Ce, y represents a molar fraction of the additive metal element, 1−x−y represents a molar fraction of a lanthanide other than Ce, x and y satisfy 0.1≤x≤0.9, 0.01≤y≤0.3, and 0.11≤x+y≤0.91, d represents a molar ratio of oxygen atoms, and 1.5≤d≤2 is satisfied); and ruthenium (Ru) supported on the composite oxide carrier.

An ammonia synthesis catalyst, includes a composite oxide carrier in which at least one additive metal element selected from the group consisting of titanium (Ti), zirconium (Zr), hafnium (Hf), aluminum (Al), gallium (Ga), indium (In), silicon (Si), germanium (Ge), and tin (Sn) is solid-solutionized in a composite oxide containing cerium (Ce) and a lanthanide other than Ce and having a composition represented by the following formula:

Ce.sub.xA.sub.1−x−yB.sub.yO.sub.d

(in the formula, A represents a lanthanide other than Ce, B represents the additive metal element, x represents a molar fraction of Ce, y represents a molar fraction of the additive metal element, 1−x−y represents a molar fraction of a lanthanide other than Ce, x and y satisfy 0.1≤x≤0.9, 0.01≤y≤0.3, and 0.11≤x+y≤0.91, d represents a molar ratio of oxygen atoms, and 1.5≤d≤2 is satisfied); and ruthenium (Ru) supported on the composite oxide carrier.

The present disclosure provides an integrated process and a Cu/Zn-based catalyst system for synthesizing methanol from CO.sub.2 and generating electricity from hydrocarbon feedstock. The process includes steps of gasifying hydrocarbon feedstock into syngas by using oxygen and using the produced syngas as a fuel in a power generation unit, reusing a first part of an exhaust stream of the power generation unit as a reactant in the gasification unit. Using a second part of the said exhaust stream as a reactant for methanol synthesis in a methanol reactor, wherein, the second part is treated to separate CO.sub.2 and water, and CO.sub.2 is used as the reactant for methanol synthesis. Operating an electrolyzer during non-peak hours to produce hydrogen, wherein, a required stoichiometric ratio of the produced hydrogen is transferred into the methanol reactor for methanol synthesis, wherein, a Cu/Zn-based catalyst system is used for methanol synthesis through a direct hydrogenation reaction of CO.sub.2.

The present disclosure provides an integrated process and a Cu/Zn-based catalyst system for synthesizing methanol from CO.sub.2 and generating electricity from hydrocarbon feedstock. The process includes steps of gasifying hydrocarbon feedstock into syngas by using oxygen and using the produced syngas as a fuel in a power generation unit, reusing a first part of an exhaust stream of the power generation unit as a reactant in the gasification unit. Using a second part of the said exhaust stream as a reactant for methanol synthesis in a methanol reactor, wherein, the second part is treated to separate CO.sub.2 and water, and CO.sub.2 is used as the reactant for methanol synthesis. Operating an electrolyzer during non-peak hours to produce hydrogen, wherein, a required stoichiometric ratio of the produced hydrogen is transferred into the methanol reactor for methanol synthesis, wherein, a Cu/Zn-based catalyst system is used for methanol synthesis through a direct hydrogenation reaction of CO.sub.2.

A supported catalyst for decomposing an organic substance that includes a support and a catalyst particle supported on the support. The catalyst particle contains a perovskite-type composite oxide represented by A.sub.xB.sub.yM.sub.zO.sub.w, where the A contains at least one selected from Ba and Sr, the B contains Zr, the M is at least one selected from Mn, Co, Ni and Fe, y+z=1, x≥0.995, z≤0.4, and w is a positive value satisfying electrical neutrality. A film thickness of a catalyst-supporting film supported on the support and containing the catalyst particle is 5 μm or more, or a supported amount as determined by normalizing a mass of the catalyst particle supported on the support by a volume of the support is 45 g/L or more.

A supported catalyst for decomposing an organic substance that includes a support and a catalyst particle supported on the support. The catalyst particle contains a perovskite-type composite oxide represented by A.sub.xB.sub.yM.sub.zO.sub.w, where the A contains at least one selected from Ba and Sr, the B contains Zr, the M is at least one selected from Mn, Co, Ni and Fe, y+z=1, x≥0.995, z≤0.4, and w is a positive value satisfying electrical neutrality. A film thickness of a catalyst-supporting film supported on the support and containing the catalyst particle is 5 μm or more, or a supported amount as determined by normalizing a mass of the catalyst particle supported on the support by a volume of the support is 45 g/L or more.

Catalysts, catalytic materials having catalysts present on supports and catalytic methods are provided. The catalysts, catalytic material and methods are useful in a variety of catalytic reactions, for example, the oxidative coupling of methane.