Process for forming a multi-layer electrochromic structure, the process comprising depositing a film of a liquid mixture onto a surface of a substrate, and treating the deposited film to form an anodic electrochromic layer, the liquid mixture comprising a continuous phase and a dispersed phase, the dispersed phase comprising metal oxide particles, metal hydroxide particles, metal alkoxide particles, metal alkoxide oligomers, gels or particles, or a combination thereof having a number average size of at least 5 nm.

Systems, apparatuses, and methods for reducing humidity of air adjacent to a nozzle of an electrospinning apparatus, charged solution output by the nozzle, a solution path between the nozzle and a deposit surface, and/or the deposit surface. The apparatus can be configured to controllably output the charged solution and gas of a predetermined dryness for deposit of the charged solution on the deposit surface. The gas of the predetermined dryness can be provided adjacent to a nozzle tip of the nozzle from where the charged solution is output. The gas of the predetermined dryness may be output in a predetermined direction toward a focal point at, in front of, or behind the nozzle tip.

The present invention provides a hydrophobic surface coating and a preparation method therefor. The hydrophobic surface coating uses one or more fluorinated alcohol compounds as a reaction gas material, and is formed on a surface of a base body by a plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition method, to improve the hydrophobicity, the chemical resistance, and the weatherability of the surface of the base body.

A window may include a substrate layer and a coating layer on the substrate layer. The coating layer may include water molecules.

Process for forming a multi-layer electrochromic structure, the process comprising depositing a film of a liquid mixture onto a surface of a substrate, and treating the deposited film to form an anodic electrochromic layer, the liquid mixture comprising a continuous phase and a dispersed phase, the dispersed phase comprising metal oxide particles, metal alkoxide particles, metal alkoxide oligomers, gels or particles, or a combination thereof having a number average size of at least 5 nm.

We present a novel technology to prevent water absorption into substrates and to prevent the hydrolysis process thereof. To these ends, we disclose very thin-film water-vapor barrier for applications to substrate surfaces and methods for manufacturing the same. A polymeric compound film and silica-like compound film form a bilayer and one or more bilayers form the barrier on the substrate. The thickness of the film layers is kept below the thin film interference thickness to ensure that the one or more transparent bilayers are substantially transparent to the light. The thin film interference thickness may be characterized as the wavelength of light (λ) divided by four (4) times the index of refraction (n) of the film materials.

A method for producing a decorative surface having different gloss levels preferably comprising the following steps: (C) feeding of a workpiece (1.0), which is coated with at least a first lacquer layer (1.4) to a digital printing station; (D) provision of digital control data for the digital printing station; (E) digital spraying of droplets on partial areas of the first lacquer layer (1.4) on the workpiece (1.0) with an at least partially transparent lacquer in order to apply a second lacquer layer (1.5) on the first lacquer layer (1.4), wherein after curing the second lacquer layer (1.5) has a different gloss level than the first lacquer layer (1.4). Further disclosed is an apparatus for carrying out this method.

The present invention provides a system for manufacturing a therapeutic microneedle configured to regulate an air environment within a coating chamber for manufacturing a therapeutic microneedle by coating a microneedle with a coating liquid containing a drug, the system for manufacturing a therapeutic microneedle comprising an air compressor, a humidity regulator configured to regulate humidity of air supplied from the air compressor, and an air filter configured to eliminate microorganisms from air to be supplied to the inside of the coating chamber.

The present disclosure relates to a method of fabricating a substrate for culturing stem cells, including forming a plasma polymer layer from a precursor material on a substrate using plasma, and the precursor material contains a heteroaromatic compound or a linear compound.

The disclosure encompasses systems and methods for performing high temperature and high humidity curing of tablets using air flow delivered from a recirculating air handler to a pan coater of a tablet coating device. The recirculating air handler may be integrated into a preexisting tablet coating device so that the air flow may be delivered by the preexisting air handler or by the recirculating air handler as desired.