An electromagnetic transducer, including a plurality of static flux paths, and a plurality of dynamic flux paths, wherein at least two of the plurality of static flux paths lie in respective first planes parallel and offset from one another, at least two of the plurality of dynamic flux paths lie in respective second planes parallel and offset from one another, and the first planes and the second planes are arrayed so as to establish at least a general tic-tac-toe lattice.

According to one embodiment, a tactile actuator can comprise: a housing having an accommodation space therein; a cap covering at least a portion of the accommodation space; a vibration unit disposed inside the accommodation space; an elastic member for connecting the housing and the vibration unit such that the vibration unit can vibrate with respect to the housing; a coil for forming a magnetic field to drive the vibration unit; and a control unit for determining any one driving mode on the basis of collected driving information from among a plurality of preset driving modes and determining, according to the driving mode, the characteristic of a current to be applied to the coil.

In the movable body one of a magnet and a core that has a magnetic pole surface disposed so as to face a magnetic pole surface of the magnet via an air gap and around which a coil is wound is provided on each of both sides across the shaft of the support shaft part in the movable body, and in the fixing body the other is provided facing the magnet or core disposed on both sides of the shaft of the support shaft part in the movable body. The movable body is elastically supported by magnetic attractive force generated between the magnetic pole surfaces at each of both sides across the shaft and vibrates back and forth in the direction of the shaft of the support shaft part with respect to the fixing body by the coil interacting with the magnet.

A linear motor with a flange magnetic yoke nested in a coil is provided, including an enclosure. A mover assembly and a stator assembly correspondingly cooperating with the mover assembly are arranged in the enclosure. The stator assembly includes a coil and an FPC board for connecting the coil with an external circuit. A flange magnetic yoke is nested in the coil. The mover assembly is provided with a permanent magnet correspondingly matched with the coil. An end of the flange magnetic yoke is provided with a third flanged edge matched with the coil. The third flanged edge is provided with, in a circumferential direction thereof, at least one second notch matched with the coil. The flange magnetic yoke increases a magnetic conductivity of an overall magnetic circuit and enhance a magnetic induction intensity on the coil.

A vibration module for applying vibrational tractions to a wearer's skin is presented. Use of the vibration module in headphones is illustrated for providing tactile sensations of low frequency for music, for massage, and for electrical recording and stimulation of the wearer. Damped, planar, electromagnetically-actuated vibration modules of the moving magnet type are presented in theory and reduced to practice, and shown to provide a substantially uniform frequency response over the range 40-200 Hz with a minimum of unwanted audio.

Provided is a method of providing information from a first device to a second device. The method includes: receiving message information by the second device, the message information comprising a text, a geometric figure, or a symbol that is input into the first device; transforming the message information into a tactile signal; and actuating an operator to provide tactile information according to the tactile signal. The operator includes at least one cell and provides the tactile information in the form of handwriting or vibration to a user of the second device, by operating the at least one cell sequentially. The operator provides the tactile information by sequentially or simultaneously applying/removing an external electric field to/from each of the cells according to the tactile signal. The operator includes at least one tactile sensation provider, that contacts the user of the second device, including polarizable or piezoelectric particles distributed in a matrix.

A vibrating actuator is disclosed, comprising: a magnetic part including at least two magnets arranged with same polarities facing each other; a receiving part including a hollow member with a cavity for receiving the magnetic part and at least one coil wrapped around the hollow member and fixed thereto; elastic elements interconnecting the magnetic part and the hollow member; and a chassis. In one aspect, the magnetic part is fixed to the chassis via attachment elements such that the magnetic part, attachment elements and chassis are stationary, and the receiving part performs a linear movement with changing direction causing the vibration when an alternating current passes through the coil(s). In another aspect, the elastic elements are flat elastic metal or plastic membranes. In another aspect, a magnetic guidance member of ferromagnetic material partly surrounding the hollow member and coil(s) is mounted to the longitudinally outer ends of the magnetic part.

A method includes: generating a first comb optical signal; generating a second comb optical signal; exciting a sample using in combination the first comb optical signal and the second comb optical signal; and detecting at the sample an acoustic response of the sample.

A method includes: generating a first comb optical signal; generating a second comb optical signal; exciting a sample using in combination the first comb optical signal and the second comb optical signal; and detecting at the sample an acoustic response of the sample.

A magnet actuator (1) for use in an electronic device, comprising a first magnet arrangement (2), a second magnet arrangement (3), comprising a first magnet (3a) and a second magnet (3b), and a coil (4) arranged between the first magnet arrangement (2) and the second magnet arrangement (3). The first magnet arrangement (2) and the second magnet arrangement (3) are arranged so that magnetic fields, generated by the first magnet arrangement (2) and the second magnet arrangement (3), causes an attractive force (F1) and a repulsive force (F2) between the first magnet arrangement (2) and the second magnet arrangement (3), which maintain the first magnet arrangement (2) and the second magnet arrangement (3) in a force equilibrium state.