A toner classification apparatus comprising a classification rotor, wherein the classification rotor comprises a first vane group containing first vanes and a second vane group containing second vanes, the second vanes have a length shorter than the first vane group; the number of second vanes, which are disposed between two adjacent first vanes, is 1 to 2, independently; each of the first vanes draws first trajectory and each of the second vanes draws second trajectory when the classification rotor rotates, a distance from the center of rotation to an outer circumference side end of the first and second trajectory are defined as L1 and L3, respectively, and a distance from the center of rotation to the center side end of the first and second trajectory are defined as L2 and L4, respectively, L1 to L4 satisfy prescribed relationships, and a toner production method using the toner classification apparatus.

The present invention provides a method for reforming coal ash, including classifying coal ash having 10% by mass or more of a residue on a 45 μm sieve by using a forced vortex centrifugal type classifying apparatus, under a condition that the residue on a 45 μm sieve of the coal ash after the classifying becomes in a range of 1% by mass or more and 8% by mass or less.

The present invention provides a method for reforming coal ash, including classifying coal ash having 10% by mass or more of a residue on a 45 μm sieve by using a forced vortex centrifugal type classifying apparatus, under a condition that the residue on a 45 μm sieve of the coal ash after the classifying becomes in a range of 1% by mass or more and 8% by mass or less.

Machine having a rotor which is mounted in a cantilevered fashion on a bearing and has a rotational axis along which a free, subsequently non-mounted rotor end runs starting from the bearing, the rotor end having a rotor end side which is spaced apart from a fixed rotor opposing side by a gap, and which, during operation of the machine when the rotor is rotating, is deflected with respect to the rotational axis as a result of imbalance of the free, non-mounted rotor end, or as a result of externally applied forces, wherein the rotor end side is curved or beveled so as to drop away at least in its end region towards its edge and in a direction towards the bearing.

Machine having a rotor which is mounted in a cantilevered fashion on a bearing and has a rotational axis along which a free, subsequently non-mounted rotor end runs starting from the bearing, the rotor end having a rotor end side which is spaced apart from a fixed rotor opposing side by a gap, and which, during operation of the machine when the rotor is rotating, is deflected with respect to the rotational axis as a result of imbalance of the free, non-mounted rotor end, or as a result of externally applied forces, wherein the rotor end side is curved or beveled so as to drop away at least in its end region towards its edge and in a direction towards the bearing.

An operating method for a separator for classifying, wherein superheated steam is supplied to the separator as separating gas, and wherein the temperature of the superheated steam as separating gas is selected to be so low that in particular no condensation of the superheated steam occurs in the separator. Further, a separator for classifying, wherein the separator includes a separating gas supply including a water infeed for generating superheated steam as separating gas, and wherein adjusting or regulating means for the temperature of the superheated steam are provided as separating gas and are designed in such a way that the temperature of the superheated steam as separating gas is adjusted to be so low that in particular no condensation of the superheated steam occurs in the separator.

The disclosed method includes a separation step wherein composite particles are transferred to a vicinity of an inlet of a fibrous carbon nanostructure path configured to recover fibrous carbon nanostructures by allowing the fibrous carbon nanostructures to pass therethrough, and a fluid flowing toward the inlet of the path and an external force including a component of a direction opposite to the direction in which the fluid flows are applied to the composite particles to separate the fibrous carbon nanostructures and a particulate ceramic support substrate; and a recovery step wherein the separated fibrous carbon nanostructures are transferred to an interior of the path for recovery by a flow of the fluid, with the separated substrate transferred away from the fibrous carbon nanostructure path for recovery, wherein, in the separation step, the external force applied to the substrate is greater than that applied to the fibrous carbon nanostructures.

The disclosed method includes a separation step wherein composite particles are transferred to a vicinity of an inlet of a fibrous carbon nanostructure path configured to recover fibrous carbon nanostructures by allowing the fibrous carbon nanostructures to pass therethrough, and a fluid flowing toward the inlet of the path and an external force including a component of a direction opposite to the direction in which the fluid flows are applied to the composite particles to separate the fibrous carbon nanostructures and a particulate ceramic support substrate; and a recovery step wherein the separated fibrous carbon nanostructures are transferred to an interior of the path for recovery by a flow of the fluid, with the separated substrate transferred away from the fibrous carbon nanostructure path for recovery, wherein, in the separation step, the external force applied to the substrate is greater than that applied to the fibrous carbon nanostructures.

An operating method for a separator for classifying, wherein superheated steam is supplied to the separator as separating gas, and wherein the temperature of the superheated steam as separating gas is selected to be so low that in particular no condensation of the superheated steam occurs in the separator. Further, a separator for classifying, wherein the separator includes a separating gas supply including a water infeed for generating superheated steam as separating gas, and wherein adjusting or regulating means for the temperature of the superheated steam are provided as separating gas and are designed in such a way that the temperature of the superheated steam as separating gas is adjusted to be so low that in particular no condensation of the superheated steam occurs in the separator.

A device (1) with which lightweight fractions, such as films or paper for example, being carried along in a carrier airflow (A) are separated and discharged for further processing. The device is characterized in that the housing can be easily opened by means of two pivotal cover hoods (3, 4) in order to allow maintenance work to then be carried out safely. The first cover hood (3) has an intermediate piece (31, 31′) which extends into the housing and has chamfered surfaces (30, 30′) at the ends, wherein the surfaces assuming a known specified angle α relative to the vertical, wherein the inner chamfer docks precisely against the chamfer of a guide element (27).