The invention relates to a steering shaft (1) for a vehicle, and to a method for producing a steering shaft of this type. The steering shaft (1) comprises a tubular shaft body (10) which extends along the longitudinal axis (L) and has a first shaft end (11) and a second shaft end (12), a bending section (13) being arranged between the first shaft end (11) and the second shaft end (12), the bending section (13) having a plurality of grooves (21, 22, 23, 24) which run in the circumferential direction of the shaft body (10) for the formation of a groove structure, characterized in that the groove structure is of non-uniform configuration in the direction of the longitudinal axis (L).

A system comprises a tube and a bender. The tube comprises a first cylindrical portion and a second cylindrical portion. An undulated portion is disposed between the first cylindrical portion and the second cylindrical portion. Alternatively, the tube can comprise a plurality of cylindrical portions and undulated portions. The bender comprises a plurality of L-shaped brackets and a plurality of U-shaped brackets, and further includes a driving rod subassembly.

A conduit for transporting a fluid comprises a first collar, a second collar, and a bellows. The bellows comprises a corrugated inboard ply, a corrugated outboard ply, and an interstitial space, interposed between the corrugated inboard ply and the corrugated outboard ply. The conduit additionally comprises a first weld, hermetically coupling the corrugated inboard ply and a first outer collar portion, a second weld, hermetically coupling the corrugated outboard ply and a first inner collar portion, a third weld, hermetically coupling the corrugated inboard ply and a second outer collar portion, a fourth weld, hermetically coupling the corrugated outboard ply and a second inner collar portion, and a first sensor, communicatively coupled with the interstitial space.

A pipe grooving device has a flared cup which surrounds a pipe end stop. The cup and the pipe end stop are mounted on a fixed pinion about which a carriage rotates. The carriage carries geared cams which engage the pinion and rotate synchronously when the carriage rotates relatively the pinion. The cams engage a pipe element received by the cup and form a circumferential groove in the pipe element. The cup and the pipe stop move independently of one another axially along a pinion shaft to actuate rotation of the carriage. The flared cup accommodates dimensional pipe diameter tolerances and mitigates pipe flare and maintains pipe roundness during the grooving process.

A pipe grooving device has a flared cup which surrounds a pipe end stop. The cup and the pipe end stop are mounted on a fixed pinion about which a carriage rotates. The carriage carries geared cams which engage the pinion and rotate synchronously when the carriage rotates relatively the pinion. The cams engage a pipe element received by the cup and form a circumferential groove in the pipe element. The cup and the pipe stop move independently of one another axially along a pinion shaft to actuate rotation of the carriage. The flared cup accommodates dimensional pipe diameter tolerances and mitigates pipe flare and maintains pipe roundness during the grooving process.

A method of fabricating a conduit comprises simultaneously corrugating three plies to form a bellows. The method also comprises simultaneously trimming a corrugated inboard ply and a first corrugated outboard ply of the bellows. The method further comprises locating a weld-through ring and a second weld-through ring between the corrugated inboard ply and the first corrugated outboard ply. The method additionally comprises forming a port and a second port through the weld-through ring and the second weld-through ring, respectively. The method also comprises communicatively coupling a sensor and a second sensor with an interstitial space, interposed between the corrugated inboard play and the first corrugated outboard ply, via the port and the second port, respectively.

A conduit (100) for transporting a fluid comprises a first collar (102), a second collar (103), a bellows (108), and a sensor (116). The bellows (108) comprises a central axis (180), a first corrugated outboard ply (114), a corrugated inboard ply (110), interposed between the first corrugated outboard ply (114) and the central axis (180), an interstitial space (126), interposed between the corrugated inboard ply (110) and the first corrugated outboard ply (114), and a second corrugated outboard ply (112) within the interstitial space (126). The corrugated inboard ply (110), the first corrugated outboard ply (114), and a weld-through ring (150) are welded to the first collar (102) and the second collar (102). The second corrugated outboard ply (112) is not hermetically coupled to the first collar (102) or the second collar (103). The sensor (116) is communicatively coupled with the interstitial space (126).

A conduit (100) for transporting a fluid comprises a first collar (102), a second collar (103), and a bellows (108). The bellows (108) comprises a corrugated inboard ply (110), a corrugated outboard ply (112), and an interstitial space (126), interposed between the corrugated inboard ply (110) and the corrugated outboard ply (112). The conduit additionally comprises a first weld (138), hermetically coupling the corrugated inboard ply (110) and a first outer collar portion (104), a second weld (134), hermetically coupling the corrugated outboard ply (112) and a first inner collar portion (106), a third weld (186), hermetically coupling the corrugated inboard ply (110) and a second outer collar portion (105), a fourth weld (184), hermetically coupling the corrugated outboard ply (112) and a second inner collar portion (107), and a first sensor (116), communicatively coupled with the interstitial space (126).

A conduit (100) for transporting a fluid comprises a first collar (102), a second collar (103), a bellows (108), and a sensor (116). The bellows (108) comprises a central axis (180), a first corrugated outboard ply (114), a corrugated inboard ply (110), interposed between the first corrugated outboard ply (114) and the central axis (180), an interstitial space (126), interposed between the corrugated inboard ply (110) and the first corrugated outboard ply (114), and a second corrugated outboard ply (112) within the interstitial space (126). The corrugated inboard ply (110), the first corrugated outboard ply (114), and a weld-through ring (150) are welded to the first collar (102) and the second collar (102). The second corrugated outboard ply (112) is not hermetically coupled to the first collar (102) or the second collar (103). The sensor (116) is communicatively coupled with the interstitial space (126).

A method of evaluating deformability of steel pipe with which deformability can be evaluated regardless of whether the pitch of pipe expansion is coarse or fine, and a method of manufacturing steel pipe using the method of evaluating deformability, are disclosed. A method of evaluating deformability of steel pipe according to the present invention is a method for evaluating deformability of a steel pipe manufactured through a pipe expanding step performed using a die. The method of evaluating deformability of steel pipe includes an outer shape acquiring step of measuring a shape of the steel pipe to acquire an outer shape, a power spectrum acquiring step of acquiring a power spectrum from a wavy shape of the acquired outer shape, and a determining step of integrating the acquired power spectrum for a predetermined wavelength range and determining deformability on the basis of the resulting integral.