A fitting is disclosed that includes a body; a first flow passage extending through the body; and a second flow passage formed in the body to intersect the first flow passage. The first and second flow passages define first and second longitudinal center axes, respectively. In an exemplary embodiment, the fitting forms a portion of a manifold assembly of a frac system. In one aspect, the fitting is formed by a manufacturing process such that the body has a parting plane that is offset from, and parallel to, the first longitudinal center axis. The fitting may have a first varying wall thickness defined between the first flow passage and the external surface; and a second varying wall thickness defined between the second flow passage and the external surface. In another aspect, a curved surface is formed in the body at the intersection between the first and second flow passages.

A forging die apparatus includes: an upper mold holder installed to be movable in a vertical direction, an upper mold detachably installed in the upper mold holder, a lower mold holder installed to be movable in the vertical direction, a lower mold detachably installed in the lower mold holder, and a stopper unit detachably installed in one of the upper mold holder and the lower mold holder to selectively restrain the vertical movement of the one of the upper mold holder and the lower mold holder in which the stopper unit is installed.

The present invention discloses a process of manufacturing forged components using a combination of open die and closed die forging, and machining. The process involves the steps of cogging of the ingot, upsetting the cogged bloom in two steps to form a preform, closed forging the preform on a hammer, rough machining, heat treatment, semi-finishing, and finally finishing the component. The present invention is applicable to any forged components that are used in variety of industries, particularly those which are formed from large ingots. The invention is particularly useful for safety- and application-critical components such as a fluid end which is used in oil and gas industry. With the process of the present invention, 55 to 60% of the shape and size of the final component is achieved through forging and remaining 40 to 45% through machining. Incorporating the closed die forging stage in between open die forging and machining stages of the results in about 27% material reduction and over 60% reduction in machining time.

A swaging tool in which the pinhead of a fastening pin is positioned on one plate of a pair of plates through which the fastening pin is passed, the pintail of the fastening pin is positioned on the other plate, a collar mounted on the pintail side of the fastening pin is moved to the pinhead side so as to be brought into contact with the plate, the collar is swaged to the fastening pin in the state of contact with the plate, and a tensile load is applied to the pintail to break and remove the pintail, whereby the pair of plates are fastened; wherein the tool is provided with a swage die in which there is formed a swaging hole that is brought into contact with the collar to swage the collar, a low-friction coating film being formed on the inner peripheral surface of the swaging hole.

A method for producing a preform from an + titanium aluminide alloy for producing a component with high load-bearing capacity for piston engines and gas turbines, in particular aircraft engines, by forging a blank, wherein the blank held in a manipulator and moved by the manipulator is subjected to merely partial forming by open-die forging by an open-die forging tool.

A method of producing a seamless, composite tubular product includes centrifugally casting a metal or alloy into a tubular workpiece having an inner diameter. The method then centrifugally casts a corrosion resistant alloy in the inner diameter of the tubular workpiece to form a composite tubular workpiece having an inner diameter and an outer diameter. The inner diameter of the composite tubular workpiece is formed of the corrosion resistant alloy, and the outer diameter is formed of the metal or alloy. The method then subjects the composite tubular workpiece to at least about a 25% wall reduction at a temperature below a recrystallization temperature of the workpiece using a metal forming process. The metal forming process includes radial forging, rolling, pilgering, and/or flowforming.

Embodiments herein relate processes for bulk solidifying amorphous metal alloys by rapid capacitor discharge.

A drive system for a machine tool comprises two, at least equally long drive spindles, extending parallel to each other and being structurally identical with regard to their torsional rigidity and their axial rigidity, which are each supported to rotate about a spindle axis, and which can be driven about the spindle axis concerned. Each of the drive spindles has a fixed bearing at one end, acting in its longitudinal direction. Spindle nuts, which are seated on the drive spindles can be moved simultaneously with longitudinal movements in the longitudinal direction of the drive spindles.

A method for monitoring and controlling open die forging processes, includes: a) calculating the geometry evolution of a workpiece during open die forging using empirical models; b) in parallel with step a), that is to say at the same time or at least partially overlapping times as step a), calculating the workpiece temperature across the cross-section of the forged workpiece; c) calculating the distribution of the change in shape over the length of the workpiece, preferably by using the geometry evolution calculated in step a); and d) manually or automatically controlling the distribution of the change in shape in a predefined region on the basis of the distribution of the change in shape calculated in step c).

The method comprises the following steps: providing a semi-finished product (11); hot forging by upsetting the semi-finished product (11) to form a blank (13) with a developed surface greater than that of the semi-finished product (11) and less than the developed surface of the wall (3) of the dome; hot forming of the blank (13) to create a preform (15) having a developed surface less than or equal to the developed surface of the wall (3), the preform (15) comprising at least two consecutive portions (19, 21) extending radially in the continuation of one another away from the central axis (A-A), such that for all the portions (19, 21), the average thicknesses and/or convexities of two consecutive portions (19, 21) are distinct; hot deformation of the preform (15) under a press between a die and a punch to form the wall (3).