A three-dimensional shaping apparatus includes a stage, a first material supply unit that supplies a first material, a second material supply unit that supplies a second material having a thermal expansion coefficient larger than a thermal expansion coefficient of the first material, a laser irradiation unit, and a control unit that controls the laser irradiation unit by selecting a first laser irradiation mode and a second laser irradiation mode in which heat diffusion to a lower layer is smaller than in the first laser irradiation mode, wherein the control unit controls the laser irradiation unit by selecting the second laser irradiation mode when a second material shaped layer is formed on a first material shaped layer, and the second material shaped layer is irradiated with a laser from the laser irradiation unit.

A three-dimensional shaping apparatus includes a stage, a first material supply unit that supplies a first material, a second material supply unit that supplies a second material having a thermal expansion coefficient larger than a thermal expansion coefficient of the first material, a laser irradiation unit, and a control unit that controls the laser irradiation unit by selecting a first laser irradiation mode and a second laser irradiation mode in which heat diffusion to a lower layer is smaller than in the first laser irradiation mode, wherein the control unit controls the laser irradiation unit by selecting the second laser irradiation mode when a second material shaped layer is formed on a first material shaped layer, and the second material shaped layer is irradiated with a laser from the laser irradiation unit.

A metal matrix composite produced from a powder mixture including: a composition includes aluminium having a standard of purity of at least 95.0% and including hexagonal boron nitride, and up to 2% of the weight thereof of abherent, and up to 1% of the weight thereof of hexagonal boron nitride. A method for producing a metal matrix composite, which is produced from a powder mixture including: a composition including aluminium having a standard of purity of at least 95.0% and including hexagonal boron nitride, and up to 2% of the weight thereof of abherent, and up to 1% of the weight thereof of hexagonal boron nitride, includes comminuting the aluminium powder mechanically or by water atomisation or gas atomisation, and mixing the material components, in powder form, and processing the mixture, by primary shaping or extrusion or sintering or 3D printing, to form a bar, a semi-finished product, or a component.

A metal matrix composite produced from a powder mixture including: a composition includes aluminium having a standard of purity of at least 95.0% and including hexagonal boron nitride, and up to 2% of the weight thereof of abherent, and up to 1% of the weight thereof of hexagonal boron nitride. A method for producing a metal matrix composite, which is produced from a powder mixture including: a composition including aluminium having a standard of purity of at least 95.0% and including hexagonal boron nitride, and up to 2% of the weight thereof of abherent, and up to 1% of the weight thereof of hexagonal boron nitride, includes comminuting the aluminium powder mechanically or by water atomisation or gas atomisation, and mixing the material components, in powder form, and processing the mixture, by primary shaping or extrusion or sintering or 3D printing, to form a bar, a semi-finished product, or a component.

A three-dimensional shaped article production method includes a first step of dividing a gap region that is a gap region sandwiched by multiple partial paths and includes one or multiple concave shapes at an outer circumference based on first data having path data representing a path in which an ejection section moves while ejecting a shaping material by multiple partial paths, and having ejection control data including at least either of ejection amount information representing an ejection amount of the shaping material in each of the partial paths and moving speed information representing a moving speed of the ejection section in each of the partial paths, a second step of generating second data from the first data by changing at least either of the path data and the ejection control data so as to fill up the divided gap region with the shaping material, and a third step of shaping the three-dimensional shaped article by controlling the ejection section according to the second data.

A three-dimensional shaped article production method includes a first step of dividing a gap region that is a gap region sandwiched by multiple partial paths and includes one or multiple concave shapes at an outer circumference based on first data having path data representing a path in which an ejection section moves while ejecting a shaping material by multiple partial paths, and having ejection control data including at least either of ejection amount information representing an ejection amount of the shaping material in each of the partial paths and moving speed information representing a moving speed of the ejection section in each of the partial paths, a second step of generating second data from the first data by changing at least either of the path data and the ejection control data so as to fill up the divided gap region with the shaping material, and a third step of shaping the three-dimensional shaped article by controlling the ejection section according to the second data.

A solid-state additive manufacturing additive manufacturing system applicable to building up 3D structures, coating and functionalizing surfaces, joining structures, adding customized features to objects, compounding proprietary compositions and repairing various structures is disclosed. The solid-state additive manufacturing system enables deposition of different fillers, viz. metals, metal alloys, MMCs, polymers, plastics, composites, hybrids and gradient compositions, as well as controls the resulting deposit structures, e.g. specific nano-/micro-, gradient- and porous-material structures. The system accommodates various feeding-, spindle- and tool-designs for depositing different forms of filler materials, viz. rods, wires, granules, powders, powder-filled-tubes, scrap pieces or their combination, and a working platform with multiple access points. One or multiple motors, driving and monitoring units control the movement of the workpiece, spindle and tool and move the filler through the feeding system, which passageway is in communication with the passageways of the spindle and the tool.

A solid-state additive manufacturing additive manufacturing system applicable to building up 3D structures, coating and functionalizing surfaces, joining structures, adding customized features to objects, compounding proprietary compositions and repairing various structures is disclosed. The solid-state additive manufacturing system enables deposition of different fillers, viz. metals, metal alloys, MMCs, polymers, plastics, composites, hybrids and gradient compositions, as well as controls the resulting deposit structures, e.g. specific nano-/micro-, gradient- and porous-material structures. The system accommodates various feeding-, spindle- and tool-designs for depositing different forms of filler materials, viz. rods, wires, granules, powders, powder-filled-tubes, scrap pieces or their combination, and a working platform with multiple access points. One or multiple motors, driving and monitoring units control the movement of the workpiece, spindle and tool and move the filler through the feeding system, which passageway is in communication with the passageways of the spindle and the tool.

The invention is a process for manufacturing a nano aluminum/alumina metal matrix composite and composition produced therefrom. The process is characterized by providing an aluminum powder having a natural oxide formation layer and an aluminum oxide content between about 0.1 and about 4.5 wt. % and a specific surface area of from about 0.3 and about 5 m.sup.2/g, hot working the aluminum powder, and forming a superfine grained matrix aluminum alloy. Simultaneously there is formed in situ a substantially uniform distribution of nano particles of alumina. The alloy has a substantially linear property/temperature profile, such that physical properties such as strength are substantially maintained even at temperatures of 250° C. and above.

Disclosed is a nano dispersion copper alloy with high air-tightness and low free oxygen content and a brief manufacturing process thereof, wherein alloy comprises the following components: Al.sub.2O.sub.3, Ca and La. The manufacturing process comprises the following steps of: preparing Cu—Al.sub.2O.sub.3 alloy powder by an internal oxidation method; mixing the Cu—Al.sub.2O.sub.3 alloy powder with Cu—Ca—La alloy powder; sheathing the mixed powder under protection of argon; performing hot extrusion and then rotary forging; vacuumizing the sheath after the rotary forging; and sealing and placing the sheath in a nitrogen atmosphere with a temperature of 450° C. to 550° C. and a pressure intensity of 40 Mpa to 60 Mpa for 3 hours to 5 hours. The dispersion copper prepared by the present disclosure has the advantages of low free oxygen content (≤15 ppm), high dimensional stability, good air-tightness and an air leakage rate≤1.0×10.sup.−10 Pa m.sup.3/s after hydrogen annealing.