There are provided a method for producing a magnetic refrigeration material whose magnetic transition temperature can be adjusted with high accuracy, and a magnetic refrigeration material whose magnetic transition temperature has been adjusted with high accuracy. The magnetic refrigeration material production method of the present invention includes the steps of: preparing a first predetermined magnetic refrigeration material and a second predetermined magnetic refrigeration material which differs from the first magnetic refrigeration material; and mixing the first magnetic refrigeration material and the second magnetic refrigeration material to obtain a third magnetic refrigeration material. The content of the first magnetic refrigeration material and the content of the second magnetic refrigeration material in the third magnetic refrigeration material are determined by the magnetic transition temperatures of the first magnetic refrigeration material and the second magnetic refrigeration material and by a target magnetic transition temperature of the third magnetic refrigeration material. The magnetic refrigeration material of the present invention includes at least a first predetermined magnetic refrigeration material and a second predetermined magnetic refrigeration material which differs from the first magnetic refrigeration material. The absolute value of the difference between the magnetic transition temperature of the present magnetic refrigeration material and a target magnetic transition temperature is 0.7 K or less.

A sintered R-T-B based magnet includes a main phase formed of an R.sub.2T.sub.14B compound and a grain boundary phase at grain boundaries of the main phase. The grain boundary phase contains an R-T-M compound (M is at least one selected from the group consisting of Ga, Cu, Zn, Al and Si) and an R-M compound. In any cross-section of the sintered R-T-B based magnet, a sum of an area ratio of the R-T-M compound and an area ratio of the R-M compound is not lower than 1.5% and not higher than 3.5%, the area ratio of the R-T-M compound is not lower than 0.4% and not higher than 2.5%, and the area ratio of the R-M compound is not lower than 0.4% and not higher than 2.5%.

Embodiments of the present disclosure provide improved techniques for creating SMA materials and SMA powders. SMA materials and powders formed may be used to form porous structures suitable for applications such as biomaterials, damping applications, actuators, and/or sensors. Embodiments for performing hydriding and dehydriding of SMA wires at low pressure and low temperature are provided. Methods may be used to produce a shape memory alloy (SMA) powder. Such methods may include hydriding a length SMA wire under low pressure for a period of time to produce a length of hydrided SMA wire, crushing the length of hydrided SMA wire to form a hydrided SMA powder, and dehydriding the hydrided SMA powder to form a dehydrided SMA powder.

Embodiments of the present disclosure provide improved techniques for creating SMA materials and SMA powders. SMA materials and powders formed may be used to form porous structures suitable for applications such as biomaterials, damping applications, actuators, and/or sensors. Embodiments for performing hydriding and dehydriding of SMA wires at low pressure and low temperature are provided. Methods may be used to produce a shape memory alloy (SMA) powder. Such methods may include hydriding a length SMA wire under low pressure for a period of time to produce a length of hydrided SMA wire, crushing the length of hydrided SMA wire to form a hydrided SMA powder, and dehydriding the hydrided SMA powder to form a dehydrided SMA powder.

An R-T-B based permanent magnet in which R is a rare earth element, T is Fe or a combination of Fe and Co, B is boron, and further includes M. The R-T-B based permanent magnet includes main phase grains consisting of R.sub.2T.sub.14B phase. M at least includes Ga and Zr. The R-T-B based permanent magnet further includes C and O. R content is 29.0 mass % to 33.0 mass %, B content is 0.85 mass % to 1.05 mass %, Ga content is 0.30 mass % to 1.20 mass %, 0 content is 0.03 mass % to 0.20 mass %, and C content is 0.03 mass % to 0.30 mass %. Further, the R-T-B based permanent magnet satisfies 3.48m(B)−2.67≤m(Zr)≤3.48m(B)−1.87 in which m(B) (mass %) is B content and m(Zr) (mass %) is Zr content.

An R-T-B based permanent magnet in which R is a rare earth element, T is Fe or a combination of Fe and Co, B is boron, and further includes M. The R-T-B based permanent magnet includes main phase grains consisting of R.sub.2T.sub.14B phase. M at least includes Ga and Zr. The R-T-B based permanent magnet further includes C and O. R content is 29.0 mass % to 33.0 mass %, B content is 0.85 mass % to 1.05 mass %, Ga content is 0.30 mass % to 1.20 mass %, 0 content is 0.03 mass % to 0.20 mass %, and C content is 0.03 mass % to 0.30 mass %. Further, the R-T-B based permanent magnet satisfies 3.48m(B)−2.67≤m(Zr)≤3.48m(B)−1.87 in which m(B) (mass %) is B content and m(Zr) (mass %) is Zr content.

The present invention discloses a high-strength R-T-B rare earth permanent magnet and a preparation method thereof. The magnet contains 0.3-1.5 wt. % of an element Zr, and a cast strip prepared through vacuum induction melting and melt spinning is treated at a high temperature to make the element Zr therein precipitate in a form of fibrous Zr compounds from R-rich phases, and the fibrous Zr compounds can be uniformly mixed with magnetic powder after hydrogen decrepitation and powder jet milling and mixing, and gradually grow into rod-like Zr compounds existing in the R-rich intergranular phases during the sintering of a green compact. By adjusting the content of the element Zr, sintering temperature and time and other process parameters, the morphology, size and distribution of Zr compounds can be effectively controlled, and the mechanical properties of the magnet can be improved by strengthening the R-rich intergranular phases without deteriorating the magnetic properties of the magnet.

There are provided a method for producing a magnetic refrigeration material whose magnetic transition temperature can be adjusted with high accuracy, and a magnetic refrigeration material whose magnetic transition temperature has been adjusted with high accuracy. The magnetic refrigeration material production method of the present invention includes the steps of: preparing a first predetermined magnetic refrigeration material and a second predetermined magnetic refrigeration material which differs from the first magnetic refrigeration material; and mixing the first magnetic refrigeration material and the second magnetic refrigeration material to obtain a third magnetic refrigeration material. The content of the first magnetic refrigeration material and the content of the second magnetic refrigeration material in the third magnetic refrigeration material are determined by the magnetic transition temperatures of the first magnetic refrigeration material and the second magnetic refrigeration material and by a target magnetic transition temperature of the third magnetic refrigeration material. The magnetic refrigeration material of the present invention includes at least a first predetermined magnetic refrigeration material and a second predetermined magnetic refrigeration material which differs from the first magnetic refrigeration material. The absolute value of the difference between the magnetic transition temperature of the present magnetic refrigeration material and a target magnetic transition temperature is 0.7 K or less.

The present disclosure provides a rare earth magnet and manufacturing method thereof, which belongs to the field of rare earth magnet technology. The diffusion source is coated on the NdFeB base material, which is diffused and aged to obtain NdFeB magnet. The diffusion source alloy is R.sub.αM.sub.βB.sub.γFe.sub.100-α-β-γ, wherein R refers to at least one of Nd and Pr, and M Refers to at least one of Al, Cu, Ga. The Br reduction range is lower than 0.03 T, and Hcj growth is more than 318 kA/m.

Disclosed herein are embodiments of methods, devices, and assemblies for processing feedstock materials using microwave plasma processing. Specifically, the feedstock materials disclosed herein pertains to scrap materials, dehydrogenated or non-hydrogenated feed material, and recycled used powder. Microwave plasma processing can be used to spheroidize and remove contaminants. Advantageously, microwave plasma processed feedstock can be used in various applications such as additive manufacturing or powdered metallurgy (PM) applications that require high powder flowability.