A method of oral delivery of phospholipid/inulin compositions comprising capsules, tablets, chewable wafers or powdered material in a liquid carrier in quantities effective for treating pain from overactive neurons. The phospholipid/inulin compositions were also shown to be effective in reducing depression and intestinal malfunctions including, but not limited to, diarrhea and constipation, and improving sleep pattern. The compositions further including effective amounts of caffeine also reduces fatigue and enhances alertness and focus.

A method of oral delivery of phospholipid/inulin compositions comprising capsules, tablets, chewable wafers or powdered material in a liquid carrier in quantities effective for treating pain from overactive neurons. The phospholipid/inulin compositions were also shown to be effective in reducing depression and intestinal malfunctions including, but not limited to, diarrhea and constipation, and improving sleep pattern. The compositions further including effective amounts of caffeine also reduces fatigue and enhances alertness and focus.

The invention provides synthetic processes and synthetic intermediates that can be used to prepare compounds having useful anti-HIV properties.

The present invention relates to pharmaceutical composition for intranasal or pulmonary delivery, wherein the composition comprises an artemisinin derivative and optionally one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients. The pharmaceutical composition may be for intranasal delivery, may be in the form of a nasal spray, a solution, a suspension, nasal drops, an insufflation powder or a nasal powder, and may be suitable for delivery using a nebulizer, insufflator, powder sprayer or powder inhaler. Alternatively, the pharmaceutical composition may be for pulmonary delivery, may be in the form of an aerosol composition or a powder, and may be suitable for delivery using a metered dose inhaler (MDI) or a dry powder inhaler (DPI). The present invention also relates to processes for preparing such compositions and to the use of such compositions for the treatment of malaria.

The present invention relates to pharmaceutical composition for intranasal or pulmonary delivery, wherein the composition comprises an artemisinin derivative and optionally one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients. The pharmaceutical composition may be for intranasal delivery, may be in the form of a nasal spray, a solution, a suspension, nasal drops, an insufflation powder or a nasal powder, and may be suitable for delivery using a nebulizer, insufflator, powder sprayer or powder inhaler. Alternatively, the pharmaceutical composition may be for pulmonary delivery, may be in the form of an aerosol composition or a powder, and may be suitable for delivery using a metered dose inhaler (MDI) or a dry powder inhaler (DPI). The present invention also relates to processes for preparing such compositions and to the use of such compositions for the treatment of malaria.

The present invention relates to pharmaceutical composition for intranasal or pulmonary delivery, wherein the composition comprises an artemisinin derivative and optionally one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients. The pharmaceutical composition may be for intranasal delivery, may be in the form of a nasal spray, a solution, a suspension, nasal drops, an insufflation powder or a nasal powder, and may be suitable for delivery using a nebulizer, insufflator, powder sprayer or powder inhaler. Alternatively, the pharmaceutical composition may be for pulmonary delivery, may be in the form of an aerosol composition or a powder, and may be suitable for delivery using a metered dose inhaler (MDI) or a dry powder inhaler (DPI). The present invention also relates to processes for preparing such compositions and to the use of such compositions for the treatment of malaria.

This invention relates to pharmaceutically acceptable amphiphilic antioxidant compounds, compositions and dosage forms comprising said compounds and methods and uses reliant on said compounds. The exemplified compounds are all mitoquinone derivatives, being methoxyphenyl alkyl triphenylphosphonium or methoxy dioxocyclohexadiene alkyl triphenylphosphonium derivatives. The compounds, compositions, dosage forms, uses and methods are useful in, for example, the treatment of diseases or conditions associated with oxidative stress.

This invention relates to pharmaceutically acceptable amphiphilic antioxidant compounds, compositions and dosage forms comprising said compounds and methods and uses reliant on said compounds. The exemplified compounds are all mitoquinone derivatives, being methoxyphenyl alkyl triphenylphosphonium or methoxy dioxocyclohexadiene alkyl triphenylphosphonium derivatives. The compounds, compositions, dosage forms, uses and methods are useful in, for example, the treatment of diseases or conditions associated with oxidative stress.

A powder aerosolization apparatus comprises a housing comprising an outlet adapted to be inserted into a user's mouth and one or more bypass air openings. A receptacle support within the housing supports a receptacle containing a powder pharmaceutical formulation. A puncturing mechanism within the housing creates in the receptacle one or more inlet openings and one or more powder outflow openings, wherein the powder outflow openings have a total area of from 0.2 mm.sup.2 to 4.0 mm.sup.2. Upon a user's inhalation through the outlet, air flows through the one or more bypass air openings and through the receptacle to aerosolize the powder pharmaceutical formulation in the receptacle. In one version, the relative flow parameters between the flow through the one or more bypass openings and the one or more powder outflow openings are selected so that flow of aerosolized pharmaceutical formulation does not occur until a predetermined inhalation flow rate is achieved.

A powder aerosolization apparatus comprises a housing comprising an outlet adapted to be inserted into a user's mouth and one or more bypass air openings. A receptacle support within the housing supports a receptacle containing a powder pharmaceutical formulation. A puncturing mechanism within the housing creates in the receptacle one or more inlet openings and one or more powder outflow openings, wherein the powder outflow openings have a total area of from 0.2 mm.sup.2 to 4.0 mm.sup.2. Upon a user's inhalation through the outlet, air flows through the one or more bypass air openings and through the receptacle to aerosolize the powder pharmaceutical formulation in the receptacle. In one version, the relative flow parameters between the flow through the one or more bypass openings and the one or more powder outflow openings are selected so that flow of aerosolized pharmaceutical formulation does not occur until a predetermined inhalation flow rate is achieved.