The invention provides compositions comprising one or more bacterial strains for treating preventing diarrhea and/or constipation.

The present disclosure provides methods and treatment regimens for treating ulcerative colitis in a subject in need thereof. In particular, the methods described herein comprise treating a subject in need thereof with a treatment regimen comprising the administration of a pharmaceutical composition comprising live non-pathogenic fecal bacteria for at least 8 weeks and at least three times per week. In an aspect, the subject in need thereof exhibits a Mayo endoscopy score of 3 or lower. In some aspects, the subject in need thereof has no concomitant corticosteroid use during said method and has no corticosteroid use immediately prior to commencing said method.

Provided herein are, inter alia, microbial compositions and methods of using the same. The microbial compositions provided include, inter alia, therapeutically effective amounts of Lactobacillus johnsonii, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Akkermansia muciniphila, Myxococcus xanthus and Pediococcus pentosaceus and are particularly useful for methods of treating and preventing inflammatory diseases.

Described are macro-capsules, barriers, and devices that can be used to prepare therapeutic cell implants, methods of encapsulating therapeutic cells, and methods of using the encapsulated cells in the treatment of disease.

Systems and methods are provided to limit abdominal distension and alleviate uncomfortable side effects related to it—in patients treated in hydrocolonic preparation units. Systems may comprise a water delivery unit comprising a controllable water supply, configured to introduce water controllably into the patient's large intestine, a drainage configured to drain, by gravity, the introduced water with contents of the patient's large intestine and a controller. The drainage comprises a drainage pipe and sensor(s) such as camera(s) configured to continuously measure the amount of drained water drained by the drainage pipe. The controller is configured to control the water introduction with respect to the measured amount of drained water, keeping an amount of water retained in the patient below a specified water retention threshold to reduce uncomfortable side effects of abdominal distension.

The invention relates to methods, uses, systems, arrays, engineered nucleotide sequences and vectors for inhibiting bacterial population growth or for altering the relative ratio of sub-populations of first and second bacteria in a mixed population of bacteria. The invention is particularly useful, for example, for treatment of microbes such as for environmental, medical, food and beverage use. The invention relates inter alia to methods of controlling microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) or biofouling of a substrate or fluid in an industrial or domestic system.

Compositions and methods for treating or reducing the severity or likelihood of occurrence of a parasitic worm or helminth infection in a subject are described. The methods include administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of a recombinant bacterium expressing a crystal protein such as a Bacillus thuringiensis crystal protein (Cry). The crystal proteins may be full length, truncated, variant, or sub-variant Cry proteins. Examples of crystal proteins include Cry5B, Cry21, Cry14A, Cry6A, and Cry13A. The recombinant bacterium may be, for example, a Bacillus subtilis or other Gram-positive bacterium, for instance, a lactic acid fermenting bacterium such as Lactococcus or Lactobacillus. Related compositions and recombinant microorganisms are also described.

The invention relates to methods, uses, systems, arrays, engineered nucleotide sequences and vectors for inhibiting bacterial population growth or for altering the relative ratio of sub-populations of first and second bacteria in a mixed population of bacteria. The invention is particularly useful, for example, for treatment of microbes such as for environmental, medical, food and beverage use. The invention relates inter alia to methods of controlling microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) or biofouling of a substrate or fluid in an industrial or domestic system.

The present invention concerns a lactic composition useful for the prevention or treatment of diarrhea such as antibiotic associated diarrhea or “tourista.” The composition according to the invention contains at least a bacterial strain selected from the group consisting of Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus acidophilus I-1492, Lactobacillus casei and a mixture of thereof.

Provided are beneficial bacteria that can be beneficially applied across a wide range of age groups and a composition containing the same. Bifidobacterium longum subspecies longum NITE BP-02564 and/or Bifidobacterium longum subspecies longum NITE BP-02565; bacteria classified as Bifidobacterium longum subspecies longum, having utilization ability for sialic acid; and a composition containing the bacteria are also provided. More preferably, a composition containing sialic acid is also provided. More preferably, a composition containing at least one carbohydrate selected from the group consisting of arabinoxylan, arabinan, pectic galactan, and oligosaccharides derived therefrom or containing at least a carbohydrate derived from a gramineous plant or a carbohydrate derived from a solanaceous plant are also provided.