Adjuvants comprising chitosan cross-linked with an aldehyde or mannosylated chitosan are provided herein. Methods of making the adjuvants and methods of combining or linking the adjuvants with antigens are also provided. The adjuvant-antigen combinations can be used in vaccine formulations and the vaccine formulations can be used in methods to vaccinate animals against the source of the antigen or to enhance the immune response in a subject.

The present disclosure relates to extracellular vesicles (EVs), e.g., exosomes, which can be rapidly modified to comprise an antigen of interest, and the uses of such EVs as vaccines for the treatment of wide range of diseases or disorders. Also provided herein are methods for preparing and manufacturing such EVs for use as vaccines.

Provided are mixed carrier, multivalent pneumococcal conjugate compositions comprising 21 different pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide-protein conjugates, wherein each of the conjugates includes a capsular polysaccharide from a different serotype of Streptococcus pneumoniae conjugated to either tetanus toxoid (TT) or CRM.sub.197, wherein the Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes are selected from 1, 3, 4, 5, 6A, 6B, 7F, 8, 9N, 9V, 10A, 11 A, 12F, 14, 15B, 18C, 19A, 19F, 22F, 23F, and 33F, where the capsular polysaccharides of two of serotypes 1, 3, and 5 and one or both of serotypes 15B and 22F are conjugated to TT and the remaining capsular polysaccharides are conjugated to CRM.sub.197. Also provided are methods of producing the mixed carrier, multivalent pneumococcal conjugate compositions and methods of using the same for prophylaxis against Streptococcus pneumoniae infection or disease in a subject.

present application discloses an immunogenic composition comprising N. meningitidis capsular polysaccharides from at least one of serogroups A, C, W135 and Y conjugated to a carrier protein to produce a N. meningitidis capsular polysaccharide conjugate, wherein the average size of each N. meningitidis polysaccharide is above 50 kDa.

The present invention discloses an immunogenic composition comprising S. pneumoniae capsular saccharide conjugates from serotypes 19A and 19F wherein 19A is conjugated to a first bacterial toxoid and 19F is conjugated to a second bacterial toxoid. Vaccines, methods of making vaccines and uses of the vaccines are also described.

The present invention relates to immunogenic compositions comprising a conjugate of a saccharide from Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 8 and a carrier protein, and a mixture consisting of capsular polysaccharides from Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes 1, 3, 4, 5, 6A, 6B, 7F, 9V, 14, 18C, 19A, 19F and 23F individually conjugated to CRM.sub.197 carrier protein, or a mixture consisting of capsular polysaccharides from Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes 1, 4, 5, 6B, 7F, 9V, 14, 18C, 19F and 23F individually conjugated to a carrier protein, wherein the capsular polysaccharides from Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes 1, 4, 5, 6B, 7F, 9V, 14, and 23F are individually conjugated to protein D, the capsular polysaccharide from Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 18C is conjugated to tetanus toxoid and the capsular polysaccharide from Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 19F is conjugated to diphtheria toxoid. Said compositions are useful for the prevention and/or treatment of diseases caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae.

Adjuvants comprising chitosan cross-linked with an aldehyde or mannosylated chitosan are provided herein. Methods of making the adjuvants and methods of combining or linking the adjuvants with antigens are also provided. The adjuvant-antigen combinations can be used in vaccine formulations and the vaccine formulations can be used in methods to vaccinate animals against the source of the antigen or to enhance the immune response in a subject.

This disclosure describes immunogens, compositions, and methods for treating dyslipidemia. The immunogen included an ApoC3-derived peptide linked to a bacteriophage virus like particle (VLP) immunogenic carrier. The ApoC3 immunogen can be administered to a subject having, or at risk of having, dyslipidemia. The ApoC3 immunogen may be administered alone or co-administered with an additional dyslipidemia therapeutic agent.

In some embodiments, described herein is a method of tumor treatment or tumor vaccination. The method generally comprises applying to a human being in need thereof a tumor therapeutic composition or tumor vaccine defined herein. The tumor therapeutic composition or tumor vaccine can be produced by protein transfer of glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored immunostimulatory or costimulatory molecules.

An influenza vaccine composition to be intranasally administered, including an influenza antigen to which TGDK is linked via a chemical bond.