An apparatus for wax welding is provided that includes a removable cartridge adapted for operative engagement with a power supply. The removable cartridge includes a tube defining a proximal end portion, a distal end portion, a longitudinal axis, and a hollow bore, and a self-regulating heater is disposed within the tube. The apparatus further includes a tip secured to the distal end portion of the tube within the hollow bore, the tip defining a proximal end portion having an internal cavity. The tip defines an upper surface, a lower surface, and the tip is oriented relative to a longitudinal axis of the cartridge.

An apparatus for wax welding is provided that includes a removable cartridge adapted for operative engagement with a power supply. The removable cartridge includes a tube defining a proximal end portion, a distal end portion, a longitudinal axis, and a hollow bore, and a self-regulating heater is disposed within the tube. The apparatus further includes a tip secured to the distal end portion of the tube within the hollow bore, the tip defining a proximal end portion having an internal cavity. The tip defines an upper surface, a lower surface, and the tip is oriented relative to a longitudinal axis of the cartridge.

An LED lamp and it power source module are provided. The LED lamp includes an LED module and a power source module. The power source module includes two rectifying circuits, a filtering capacitor, a plurality of fuses, two filament-simulating circuits, and a discharge device. Each of the filament-simulating circuits is configured to allow a current to flow from one pin to the other pin via the corresponding first and second filament-simulating circuits during a pre-heat process executed by a ballast.

An LED lamp and it power source module are provided. The LED lamp includes an LED module and a power source module. The power source module includes two rectifying circuits, a filtering capacitor, a plurality of fuses, two filament-simulating circuits, and a discharge device. Each of the filament-simulating circuits is configured to allow a current to flow from one pin to the other pin via the corresponding first and second filament-simulating circuits during a pre-heat process executed by a ballast.

An object is to provide a technology for enabling reduction in the time and cost taken to manufacture a die to be used for molding a case that surrounds semiconductor elements. A semiconductor device includes a base plate, a cooling plate, an insulating substrate, a semiconductor element, a case, a lead frame formed integrally with the case and including a terminal formed on one end portion of the lead frame and protruding outward, and a sealant. The case includes a pair of first case components arranged to face each other, and a pair of second case components arranged to face each other and crossing the pair of first case components. Joining end portions of the first case components to end portions of the pair of second case components forms the case.

An LED tube lamp with overvoltage protection capability is provided. The LED tube lamp includes a lamp tube, two external connection terminals, a rectifying circuit, a filtering circuit, an LED module, and a protection circuit. The protection circuit is coupled between two input terminals of the LED module and configured to perform overvoltage protection when determining that a voltage level between the two input terminals of the LED module reaches or is higher than a predefined voltage value, wherein the protection circuit includes a diode and the predefined voltage value is in a range of about 40V to about 600V.

An LED tube lamp with overvoltage protection capability is provided. The LED tube lamp includes a lamp tube, two external connection terminals, a rectifying circuit, a filtering circuit, an LED module, and a protection circuit. The protection circuit is coupled between two input terminals of the LED module and configured to perform overvoltage protection when determining that a voltage level between the two input terminals of the LED module reaches or is higher than a predefined voltage value, wherein the protection circuit includes a diode and the predefined voltage value is in a range of about 40V to about 600V.

The present disclosure discloses a reflow oven for processing a circuit board, the reflow oven comprising a heating zone, a plurality of heating devices and a start-stop device. The heating zone comprises a plurality of heating sub-zones, the plurality of heating devices are arranged in corresponding heating sub-zones of the plurality of heating sub-zones, and each of the plurality of heating devices is configured such that a working temperature of the corresponding heating sub-zone is in a predetermined temperature interval. The start-stop device is configured to activate or deactivate the plurality of heating devices, and the start-stop device is configured in such a way that the start-stop device activates or deactivates the plurality of heating devices according to predetermined time intervals in a process during which the circuit board sequentially passes through the plurality of heating sub-zones, such that a working temperature of each of the plurality of heating sub-zones is in a corresponding predetermined temperature interval. The reflow oven according to the present disclosure can perform soldering and processing of large-sized circuit boards and prevent the occurrence of overheating in a hearth of the reflow oven.

A liquid photochromic filter for attenuating an image is disclosed. The liquid photochromic filter includes a photochromic dye in a liquid solution that is contained in a cavity defined by a housing with two optical windows. The liquid photochromic filter may be used in imaging system for sensing light in an area of high optical contrast. In some implementations, the imaging system is for monitoring a welding operation, whereby the liquid photochromic filter is used to reduce the intensity of the light observed from the welding arc.

A liquid photochromic filter for attenuating an image is disclosed. The liquid photochromic filter includes a photochromic dye in a liquid solution that is contained in a cavity defined by a housing with two optical windows. The liquid photochromic filter may be used in imaging system for sensing light in an area of high optical contrast. In some implementations, the imaging system is for monitoring a welding operation, whereby the liquid photochromic filter is used to reduce the intensity of the light observed from the welding arc.