The present invention relates to the provision of vaccines which are specific for a patient's tumor and are potentially useful for immunotherapy of the primary tumor as well as tumor metastases. In one aspect, the present invention relates to a method for providing an individualized cancer vaccine comprising the steps: (a) identifying cancer specific somatic mutations in a tumor specimen of a cancer patient to provide a cancer mutation signature of the patient; and (b) providing a vaccine featuring the cancer mutation signature obtained in step (a). In a further aspect, the present invention relates to vaccines which are obtainable by said method.

The invention relates to improved strategies, compositions, and methods for producing neoplasia vaccines and for their use in methods of treating cancer in a patient. In aspects, a method of treating cancer comprises: (a) administering an effective amount of one or more of the instantly-disclosed peptides or polypeptides comprising one or more identified shared neo-epitopes (including peptides or polypeptide comprising one or more peptides or polypeptides from Table A, B, and/or C and/or fragments and variants thereof); and subsequently (b) administering an effective amount of one or more of the instantly-disclosed subject-specific peptides or polypeptides comprising one or more identified subject-specific neo-epitopes. The peptides or polypeptides administered in step (a) and in step (b) are designed to exclude neo-epitopes that are known or determined (e.g. predicted) to engage regulatory T cells and/or other detrimental T cells (including T cells with potential host cross-reactivity and/or anergic T cells).

Provided herein are cancer stem cell targeted cancer vaccines and methods for treating and vaccinating against cancer. Also contained herein are regimens by which cancer stem cell targeted cancer vaccines are administered, such regimens comprising peptides, compositions, immunomodulatory agents, and emulsifiers. Also provided are the patient populations to which the regimens are to be administered, and the dosages, schedules, route of administration for the regimens.

The present invention provides in certain embodiments compositions comprising at least one CD200 inhibitor, and methods of reversing or modulating immune suppression in a patient having a disease or disorder arising from abnormal cell growth, function or behavior, which method comprises administering to a patient in need thereof a CD200 inhibitor composition.

The invention relates to immunotherapeutic treatment of cancer. In particular, the invention relates to methods of treating cancer carrying a histone H3K27M (H3K27M) mutation (e.g., diffuse midline glioma with H3K27M mutation) using immunotherapeutic compositions comprising immune cells engineered to express GD2-specific chimeric antigen receptors.

The present disclosure provides methods and kits for treating pain. More particularly, the present disclosure relates to methods of using PD-L1/PD-1-associated compounds to treat pain and/or bone destruction from bone cancer, and associated kits. The present disclosure also provides methods to assess the efficacy of compounds to suppress PD-1-associated nociceptive neuron activity.

The present disclosure relates to a method for obtaining an antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof that specifically binds to and against a tumor sample, comprising: administering autologous dendritic cells to a subject; taking immune cells and a tumor sample from the subject; constructing an antibody library of the immune cells; and screening the antibody library to obtain the antibody or a fragment thereof specifically binding to and against the tumor sample. The disclosure also relates to a method for engineering immune cells, an antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof that specifically binds to and against a tumor sample and uses thereof.

The present disclosure provides modified immune cells or precursors thereof (e.g. T cells) comprising chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) capable of binding human IL13R2. Also provided are bispecific CARs, parallel CARs, tandem CARs, BiTEs, BiTE/CARs, and BiTE/BiTEs. Compositions and methods of treatment are also provided.

Provided herein are nucleic acid molecules, proteins, compositions and methods for treating brain cancer in a subject. In some embodiments, the compositions comprise cancer antigens hTERT, WT-1, and PSMA. In some embodiments, the compositions also comprise an adjuvant. The methods comprise administering to a subject in need thereof the cancer antigens. According to certain embodiments, the methods further involve administering the adjuvant and an anti-PD-1 antibody. In certain embodiments, the methods further comprise administering radiation therapy and/or a chemotherapeutic agent. In certain embodiments, the methods are clinically proven safe, clinically proven effective, or both.

Combinations of anti-cancer antibodies and inhibitory antibodies to CD223 overcome immune suppression in cancer patients. The inhibitory antibodies may be generated in an animal by injection of fragments of CD223. Antibodies may be monoclonal antibodies or single chain antibodies or humanized antibodies.