Provided is a light emitting device that includes a light emitting element having a light emission peak wavelength ranging from 380 nm to 490 nm, and a fluorescent material excited by light from the light emitting element and emitting light having at a light emission peak wavelength ranging from 580 nm or more to less than 680 nm. The light emitting device emits light having a ratio R/B of a photon flux density R to a photon flux density B ranging from 2.0 to 4.0 and a ratio R/FR of the photon flux density R to a photon flux density FR ranging from 0.7 to 13.0, the photon flux density R being in a wavelength range of 620 nm or more and less than 700 nm, the photon flux density B being in a wavelength range of 380 nm or more and 490 nm or less, and the photon flux density FR being in a wavelength range of 700 nm or more and 780 nm or less.

An automated organic closed-loop grow enclosure that has rows of hydration trays that support removable (three across) grow containers for microgreens such as broccoli. Each grow container has a layer of soil. The seeds are treated with mycorrhizae and mixed with enriched top soil having a wicking agent. The grow containers are automatically watered once a day from the bottom and the capillary action of the soil lifts and holds the water in the grow container. LED Lighting is used to stimulate day and night cycles. The water is treated with magnets, turbulence and charcoal filters. The water cascades down the tiered trays using siphons. No other treatment of the water is necessary since almost no micro-organisms or organic material leak from the grow containers due to a filter barrier in the bottom of the grow container. Spectacular consistent growth rates are easily achieved.

An automated organic closed-loop grow enclosure that has rows of hydration trays that support removable (three across) grow containers for microgreens such as broccoli. Each grow container has a layer of soil. The seeds are treated with mycorrhizae and mixed with enriched top soil having a wicking agent. The grow containers are automatically watered once a day from the bottom and the capillary action of the soil lifts and holds the water in the grow container. LED Lighting is used to stimulate day and night cycles. The water is treated with magnets, turbulence and charcoal filters. The water cascades down the tiered trays using siphons. No other treatment of the water is necessary since almost no micro-organisms or organic material leak from the grow containers due to a filter barrier in the bottom of the grow container. Spectacular consistent growth rates are easily achieved.

Provided herein are methodology and composition for use of any nut (such as almond, walnut, or pistachio) or legume (peanut) shell and/or husk material in a growing substrate, with or without other components such as peat, perlite, or coir; for plant growth, whether it be used in its whole form or some reduced form such as, having been chipped or ground, and whether composted or not.

Provided herein are methodology and composition for use of any nut (such as almond, walnut, or pistachio) or legume (peanut) shell and/or husk material in a growing substrate, with or without other components such as peat, perlite, or coir; for plant growth, whether it be used in its whole form or some reduced form such as, having been chipped or ground, and whether composted or not.

The present invention addresses the problem of providing a soil amelioration method that makes it possible to conveniently ameliorate soil. This soil amelioration method involves applying nano-bubble water to soil.

The present invention addresses the problem of providing a soil amelioration method that makes it possible to conveniently ameliorate soil. This soil amelioration method involves applying nano-bubble water to soil.

A light source for plant cultivation includes at least two light emitting devices supplying light to a plant. Each of the light emitting devices includes a first semiconductor layer doped with a first conductivity type dopant, a second semiconductor layer disposed on the first semiconductor layer and doped with a second conductivity type dopant different from the first conductivity type dopant, and an active layer interposed between the first semiconductor layer and the second semiconductor layer. The light emitting devices emit light towards the plant under a different condition in terms of at least one of wavelength, radiation intensity, and emission timing to control the type and content of phytochemicals in the plant.

A light source for plant cultivation includes at least two light emitting devices supplying light to a plant. Each of the light emitting devices includes a first semiconductor layer doped with a first conductivity type dopant, a second semiconductor layer disposed on the first semiconductor layer and doped with a second conductivity type dopant different from the first conductivity type dopant, and an active layer interposed between the first semiconductor layer and the second semiconductor layer. The light emitting devices emit light towards the plant under a different condition in terms of at least one of wavelength, radiation intensity, and emission timing to control the type and content of phytochemicals in the plant.

A method for reducing nitrate content in leafy vegetable plants, in particular, in salad crops, is provided. In the method, at least one organic osmolyte compound is delivered, in a predetermined amount, to the plant, preferably, a hydroponically cultivated plant. The method advantageously utilizes betaine compounds. Related preparation and uses are further provided.