A method of depositing an extrudate onto a substrate, the method including steps of rotating a stirring tool about an axis of rotation while urging a tool distal end of the stirring tool against the substrate, and wherein the stirring tool defines a bore, extending therethrough; positioning a die adjacent to the stirring tool, such that the stirring tool rotates relative to the die; and passing feedstock through the bore toward the tool distal end.

A method for manufacturing a vehicle wheel includes: a casting process of manufacturing the wheel in a one-piece body having a forming end and a temporary flange protruding at inner and outer sides of the wheel, respectively, wherein the one-piece body further includes a resonance chamber forming groove; a primary shape machining process of forming a stepped part at an outer circumferential side of the resonance chamber forming groove; a flow forming process of bending the forming end to be seated on the stepped part; a friction stir welding process of integrally bonding a portion where the forming end and the stepped part are in close contact with each other; a fine machining process of removing the temporary flange;

and a sound-absorbing hole machining process of forming a sound-absorbing hole for communicating between the resonance chamber and an interior space of a tire in the forming end.

In some implementations, an apparatus comprises a pipe, a stud that is forge-welded to the pipe, creating a forge-welded stud, a bracket that is operably coupled to the forge-welded stud, and a ladder support operably coupled to the bracket.

A method for loading feedstock bars into an additive friction stir deposition machine (AFSD) is described. The method comprises containing a plurality of feedstock bars in a container disposed adjacent to a spindle of the additive friction stir deposition machine. The method further comprises moving one feedstock bar of the plurality of feedstock bars into axial alignment with the spindle of the additive friction stir deposition machine.

In an example, a showerhead pedestal assembly for a substrate processing chamber is provided. The showerhead pedestal assembly includes a faceplate. A platen is disposed within the faceplate and includes a heater element extending through at least one groove in the faceplate. The at least one groove is profiled to accept at least one portion of the heater element. A periphery of the platen is joined to an interior surface of the faceplate by a friction stir welded joint.

The present invention provides an overlapping bonded structure in which breaking of a bonded section at holes formed during bonding can be prevented when an overlapping section formed by overlapping a plurality of meal plate members is bonded by means of a mechanical bonding means or a friction stir spot-welding means. This overlapping bonded structure, in which overlapping portions of a plurality of plate members are spot-welded at a plurality of bonded sections by means of a mechanical bonding means or a friction stir spot-welding means, and in the bonded sections a hole into which the mechanical bonding means is inserted or a hole formed during the spot-welding by the friction stir spot-welding means exists in at least one plate member, is characterized in that a cutout recess is formed between adjacent bonded sections, from an end portion of the overlapping section in the bonded-section direction, in the overlapping section of at least one of the plate sections, and when the inner diameter of the hole is K, an inside bottom portion of the cutout recess is formed at a position having a depth of K or greater from the end portion of the overlapping section.

Provided are an effective and simple surface-modifying method for prolonging the life of a steel structure made of a steel material having a high sulfur (S) content, and a steel structure having a life prolonged by the surface-modifying method. A surface-modifying method for forming a friction stir region on the surface of a steel material by friction stir processing, wherein a sulfur (S) content of the steel material is 200 ppm or more.

The present disclosure provides a process for manufacturing a light-alloy hybrid wheel comprising the following separate operation phases: obtaining a front flange with an internal profile including a tire bead seat; obtaining a rim with an annular profile including a tire bead seat at a first end and a circular flank for assembly with a part of the flange at a second end; and assembling the flange and the rim to form a wheel. The annular profiles of the flange and the rim form exterior and interior sides of the wheel. Assembling the flange and the rim comprises welding the flank of the rim and the flange together by a single friction stir weld using a pin such that the weld is exposed at the exterior and interior sides of the wheel.

A device for performing a method for producing a lamination pack, wherein in the method laminations are cut from an electric strip or sheet; the laminations are placed on top of each other to form a lamination stack; the laminations are connected by material fusion to each other by: locally plasticizing a material of the laminations in an edge region of the laminations by generating friction heat by a tool; mixing the locally plasticized material, at least of the laminations neighboring each other, with the tool; and allowing the plasticized material to cool and fuse the laminations in the edge region to form the lamination pack. The device has a punch press and/or a receptacle for one or a plurality of lamination stacks. The device further has a welding tool that is rotatably driven about an axis of the welding tool and moveable transverse to the axis of rotation.

An encapsulation structure of a power module is disclosed in this application, which includes a power module and a liquid cooler. The power module includes a power module body, a metal baseplate, and heat dissipation finned tubes. A front side of the metal baseplate is connected to the power module body, and a back side of the metal baseplate is connected to the heat dissipation finned tubes. The metal baseplate has a protrusion part protruding. There are a plurality of grooves on a fluid pipe of the liquid cooler, a cavity exists between two adjacent grooves of the plurality of grooves, and the cavity is configured to communicate the two adjacent grooves. The power module body is lapped on the groove, a back side of the protrusion part is in contact with an edge surface of the groove, and the heat dissipation finned tubes are placed in the groove.