A self-healing, scratch resistant slippery surface that is manufactured by wicking a chemically-inert, high-density liquid coating over a roughened solid surface featuring micro and nanoscale topographies is described. Such a slippery surface shows anti-wetting properties, as well as exhibits significant reduction of adhesion of a broad range of biological materials, including particles in suspension or solution. Specifically, the slippery surfaces can be applied to medical devices and equipment to effectively repel biological materials such as blood, and prevent, reduce, or delay coagulation and surface-mediated clot formation. Moreover, the slippery surfaces can be used to prevent fouling by microorganisms such as bacteria.

According to the invention there is provided inter alia a process for the manufacture of a solid object having a surface comprising a layered coating of cationic and anionic polymer wherein the outer coating layer comprises an anticoagulant entity, comprising the steps of: i) treating a surface of the solid object with a cationic polymer; ii) treating the surface with an anionic polymer; iii) optionally repeating steps i) and ii) one or more times; iv) treating the surface with a cationic polymer; and v) treating the outermost layer of cationic polymer with an anticoagulant entity, thereby to covalently attach the anticoagulant entity to the outermost layer of cationic polymer; wherein, the anionic polymer is characterized by having (a) a total molecular weight of 650 kDa-10,000 kDa; and (b) a solution charge density of >4 ?eq/g; and wherein, step ii) is carried out at a salt concentration of 0.25 M-5.0 M.

There is described inter alia a medical device having a surface which comprises a coating layer, said coating layer being a biocompatible composition comprising an entity capable of interacting with mammalian blood to prevent coagulation or thrombus formation, which entity is covalently attached to said surface through a link comprising a 1,2,3-triazole.

The present invention relates to the coating of a range of functional heparins onto the surface of a substrate for which hemocompatibility is a key functional characteristic, such that the functionality of the functional heparin is maintained. The approach employs a metal coordination complex to bind to the substrate with the functional heparin binding to the metal coordination complex to thereby impart hemocompatibility.

The invention pertains to methods of treating alloys, particularly, biodegradable alloys containing Mg, Zn or Fe. The alloys can be treated with at least one of the following procedures: mechanical polishing, anodization, and polymer coating. Advantageously, methods provided herein enhance the anti-thrombogenicity of the alloy surface. Such materials can be used for preparing biomedical devices, such as endovascular implants, vascular implants, drug-eluting stents, orthopedic prostheses, or implantable chips. Methods of treating a subject by implanting the biomedical devices into the subject are also provided.

Embodiments herein relate to biofouling resistant coatings for medical devices. In an embodiment, an anti-fouling coated medical device is included having a substrate and a coating disposed over the substrate. The coating can include a hydrogel, and a polyzwitterion. The polyzwitterion can include a bound portion and an unbound portion. In some embodiments the coating can further include a heparin compound. Other embodiments are also included herein.

A medical device is provided including a base member and a coating layer containing an antithrombogenic material and covering a surface of the base member. The antithrombogenic material contains a copolymer having a repeating unit (A) represented by the following formula (1): ##STR00001##
wherein R.sup.11 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, Z is an oxygen atom or NH, R.sup.12 is a C.sub.1-6 alkylene group, R.sup.13 and R.sup.14 are each independently a C.sub.1-4 alkyl group, and R.sup.15 is a C.sub.1-2 alkylene group, and a repeating unit (B) represented by the following formula (2): ##STR00002##
wherein R.sup.21 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, R.sup.22 is a C.sub.1-6 alkylene group, and R.sup.23 is a C.sub.1-4 alkyl group. The repeating unit (A) is contained in a proportion of 1 to 7 mol % based on all the structural units of the copolymer.

The invention relates to extracorporeal blood circuits, and components thereof (e.g., hollow fiber membranes, potted bundles, and blood tubing), including 0.005% to 10% (w/w) surface modifying macromolecule. The extracorporeal blood circuits have an antithrombogenic surface and can be used in hemofiltration, hemodialysis, hemodiafiltration, hemoconcentration, blood oxygenation, and related uses.

Coatings, devices and methods are provided, wherein the contacting surface of a medical device with at least one contacting surface for contacting a bodily fluid or tissue, wherein long-lasting and durable bioactive agents or functional groups are deposited on the contacting surface through a unique two-step plasma coating process with deposition of a thin layer of plasma coating using a silicon-containing monomer in the first step and plasma surface modification using a mixture of nitrogen-containing molecules and oxygen-containing molecules in the second step. The two-step plasma coating process enables the implantable medical device to prevent both restenosis and thrombosis under clinical conditions. The invention also relates to surface treatment of metallic and polymeric biomaterials used for making of medical devices with significantly improved clinical performance and durability.

The present disclosure describes a strategy to create self-healing, slippery liquid-infused porous surfaces. Roughened (e.g., porous) surfaces can be utilized to lock in place a lubricating fluid, referred to herein as Liquid B to repel a wide range of materials, referred to herein as Object A (Solid A or Liquid A). Slippery liquid-infused porous surfaces outperforms other conventional surfaces in its capability to repel various simple and complex liquids (water, hydrocarbons, crude oil and blood), maintain low-contact-angle hysteresis (<2.5?), quickly restore liquid-repellency after physical damage (within 0.1-1 s), resist ice, microorganisms and insects adhesion, and function at high pressures (up to at least 690 atm). Some exemplary application where slippery liquid-infused porous surfaces will be useful include energy-efficient fluid handling and transportation, optical sensing, medicine, and as self-cleaning, and anti-fouling materials operating in extreme environments.